2010

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/1870

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Aspects regarding the Human Resources management at S.C. Vinifruct Copou S.A. Iaşi
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-03-22) Brezuleanu, Carmen-Olguța; Brezuleanu, Stejărel; Ciurea, Ion-Valeriu
S.C. Vinifruct Copou S.A. Iasi is a company of the agricultural branch which holds 0.7% of agricultural area, 0.63% and 0.80% of the area planted with orchards of county Iaşi. The reserves of labour existing in the area and relatively rapid training possibilities and qualifications of staff for the majority of the population, make the insurance with labour not to constitute the present and future a restriction on the development of the company. After analyzing the staff of the S.C. Vinifruct Copou S.A. Iaşi workers see that the number of company represents about 2/3 of the total personnel, the rest of 1/3 being composed of personnel TESA. Having regard to process peculiarities activity specific hours and field in which S.C. Vinifruct Copou S.A. Ia i unfolds its activity, we see within a structure adequate staff on jobs, in which specific hours hold share in total personnel. The importance of the human resources at S.C. Vinifruct Copou S.A. Iaşi is well-known, representing the most important means to valorise the potentail of the land and animals as well as the technical, financial and informational means.
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Implementation of some biopesticides in integrated pest management (IPM) of larch aphid Adelges laricis Vallot (F. Adelgidae – Homoptera) and the horse chestnut leaf miner Cameraria ohridella Desch & Dimic (F. Gracillariidae – Lepidoptera)
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-03-01) Brudea, Valentin; Rîșca, Ioan-Marian
The larch wooly adelgid Adelges laricis is an important pest due to his attacks, especially against the nurseries and young trees and the horse chestnut leaf miner Cameraria ohridella which attacks the leaves of the Aesculus hippocastanum L., that produces trees defoliation, there growth slowing down and finally there drying.In the management of the larch wooly adelgid, in the lab tests, the microbial products Laser 240 SC and Milbeknock and the vegetal one NeemAzal T/S, had a high efficacy against the young larvae of Adelges laricis (98-100%) and more reduced against the older larvae (60-98%). The product Laser 240 SC, that acts more by ingestion as by contact, has lesser efficacies against older larvae. In the experiments on trees all bio pesticides had high efficacies. It is recommended the application of the treatments at the beginning of the infestation when the young larvae appear. In the management of the chestnut tree leaf miner Cameraria ohridella the use of Laser 240 SC and NeemAzal T/S by spraying, the leaves attack was between 20-30%, comparatively with 80% for the untreated witness. Because they are 3-4 generations/year, the treatments must be fulfilled in the eggs laying periods and during the neonate larvae apparition, in order to obtain high efficacies. The treatments by painting with NeemAzal T/S reduce the mining larvae number and also the attack’s degree on the leaves. After 35 days from the treatment its take place a rising of the attack due to the pressure of the next generation therefore another treatment is necessary. The treatment on the bark is recommended for the residential areas and parks because the spraying treatments are harmful for the mean’s health.
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Studies regarding the quality of certain fruit distillates in correlation with the analytical data and sensorial assessment
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-06-19) Beceanu, Dumitru; Niculaua, Marius; Moraru, I.; Anghel, Roxana-Mihaela
Out of the 20 samples under analysis only 14 meet the requirements for the award of a distinct denomination whereas the other six may be called just spirits. The fact that some drinks of the second category do not mention on the label the denomination of spirit is a crime. Total acidity and the volatile acidity have concordant values giving the opportunity to identify the products maturated as well as the neutralization or bonification treatments. The pH values allow the classification of the distillates/distilled drinks by their degree of naturalness and the possible treatments effectuated.The polyphenol content may indicate the existence or inexistence of the wooden (oak) storage areas and the possible time of contact with these spaces or the reduction of influence due to the diverse treatments. The ester content indicates for 11 samples the cause that leads to their classification into a superior quality class. The values of the extract content may also explain, even more than the ester content, the favorable impression and the superior gustative quality for the 10 samples in their respective order. Except for two samples that showed quality defects, the rest of the distillates and distilled drinks registered positive or very positive sensorial qualities (especially Vinia maturated cherry distillate raw material and Vinia maturated plum distillate raw material)
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Cytogenetic research regarding species with ornamental value identified in the North-east area of Romania
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-06-15) Draghia, Lucia; Morariu, Aliona; Chelariu, Elena-Liliana
In the paper are presented data regarding the number of somatic chromosome determine at three species of plants with ornamental value from spontaneous flora of Romania (Allium ursinum L., Centaurea phrygia L., Dianthus armeria L.) and cultivated in the experimental field to evaluate the adapt capacity, aiming to use them in crops. For chromosome study was used a root tip meristem obtained from plantlets aged 3-7 days. Chromosome was stained by Feulghen method, and the samples were examined at optic microscope Motic, relevant images being assumed by a video camera and processed with its soft. The obtained results were compared with the ones already existed in the literature, at populations from other ecologic and geographic areas. So at Allium ursinum, from Dobrovăţ forest (Iaşi area) all the analysed individuals had a chromosome number 2n=2x=14, specie being characterized by a great karyological stability. Studies made on Centaurea phrygia, from Neamţ area, show the presence of tetraploid individuals, with 4n=44 chromosomes. The specie is known as a diploid one, with chromosome number 2n =2x=22, but many authors confirm the existence of diploid and tetraploid populations, separated by geography and ecology. Population of Dianthus armeria, identified in Ia i area (Bîrnova forest), is a mixt population with x=15, formed by tetraploid individuals 4n=60, but in which could be found also a minor diploid cytotype with chromosome number 2n=30.
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Research regarding the improvement of methods used for potato viruses Y, A, X, S and PLRV identification
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-05-05) Bădărău, Carmen-Liliana; Chiru, Sorin-Claudian; Cojocaru, N.; Rusu, S.N.; Ianoși, Maria
Obtaining health and safety food impose the improvement of identification’s techniques of pathogen agents. The goal of this research was to examine and evaluate the effects of several modifications of ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) technique on the detection of potato viruses Y, A, X, S and potato leafroll virus (PLRV). These modifications consisted on: the use of sap extracted directly from the tubers, modification of the incubation modality of conjugate (IgG-AP), the use of several additives in extraction and conjugate buffers, replacement of grinding buffer with McIlvain buffer. The results show a better identification of PLRV in sprouting tubers using the co-incubation sample and IgG-AP conjugate. Compared with the classical method, the test safety and sensitivity increased. Using sap from sprouting tubers (dilution 1/10) the average values of OD at 405 nm was 2.5 times higher. The detection of potato viruses Y and A by enzyme– linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be improved using extraction buffers with new composition. Using McIlvain’s phosphate-citric acid buffer (0.18M; pH 7), the absorbance values (A405nm) increased significantly for PVY and PVA detection comparing with the classic extraction buffer. Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (0.01M) in phosphate-buffered saline plus Tween 20 (PBS-T) used instead of the polyvinylpyrrolidone increased the sensitivity of potato virus Y but this additives decrease the absorbance values in case of PLRV identification. The same decrease was observed when we used sodium thioglicolat (0.01M) and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (0.01M) in PBST. Presence of proteins in conjugate buffer improve safety of viruses identification. Food gelatin was more efficiently like the bovine serum albumine (BSA) for PLRV identification. The use of new equipement, the use of McIlvain’s buffer and gelatin food could save time and costs in routine diagnostic of viruses wich affect potato plants.
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Long-term results from cultivated runoff plots from Upper Ţărnii Valley, Tutova rolling hills, Romania
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-06-28) Popa, N.; Filiche, E.; Petrovici, G.
The paper presents experimental results reported for a period of 24 years, during 1985-2008, on runoff and erosion processes, measured on some runoff plots. They are located on the left hillside of the Upper Tărnii Valley, Eastern Romania, on mollisols (Cambic Chernozem), developed on top of loams, moderately eroded, with a 12% slope. The average of multiannual precipitation is 492.2 mm. From the total of eight plots, six of them are 100m2 (25×4m with 1 m border areas between them) and the other two are 150 m2 (37.5×4m). Six plots were cultivated with different crops as follows: corn, beans, soybeans, winter wheat and bromegrass. Two check plots of 100 and 150m2 were maintained like black fallow, always free of weeds. Also, annually one of the crops is cultivated both in the 100m2 and 150 m2 variants. Averages of soil losses in the study period of time were 0,16 to/ha/y for bromegrass, 0,86 to/ha/y for winter wheat, 5,60 to/ha/y for Beans, 9,30 to/ha/y for corn and 43,12 to/ha/y for black fallow. The intensity of erosion processes has been marked by some historical rainstorm events that have exceeded the value of 80 mm for which the soil losses ranged between 20 and 35 to/ha/y for the black fallow check plot. During the period of vegetation maximum peak erosion rates for winter wheat and beans were registered in May while for the rest of crops and for the black fallow maximum values were noticed in June.
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The long-term effects of crop rotation and fertilization on yield and soil fertility in the Moldavian Plain
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-07-06) Ailincăi, Costică; Jităreanu, Gerard; Ailincăi, Despina; Mercuș, Adrian
The investigations conducted during 1995-2009 at the Podu- Iloaiei Agricultural Research Station have studied the influence of different organomineral fertilization rates on wheat yield and soil agrochemical characteristics. Within the experiment, the following rotation schemes have been followed: 2- year rotation (wheat-maize) and 5-year rotation (bean – wheat – sunflower – wheat - maize). The organic fertilizers, applied together with mineral ones (N50P50+60 t manure/ha), have improved soil chemical characteristics and determined mean yield increases in wheat of 122% (1918 kg/ha), as compared with the unfertilized control. In the intensive rotations with cereals, with high annual consumption of nutrients, maintaining a good soil supply with organic carbon and mineral elements was done only by the organo-mineral fertilization (N50P50 or N100P100 + 40 t manure/ha). In 5-year crop rotation, the content of organic carbon from soil has diminished by approximate 2.1 g/kg/year in unfertilized control and by 0.90 g/kg/year at the rate of N120P80.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Behaviour of various wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivares at conventional and zero tillage under subtropical conditions of Faisalabad, Pakistan
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-05-24) Zamir, M.S.I.; Ahmad, A.H.; Nadeem, M.A.
A field experiment to study the effect of tillage practices on the productivity of different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties was conducted at Government Seed Farm Kalodevi, Gojra, Toba Tak Singh, Pakistan, during 2005 - 2006. The experiment was laid out under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement and having a four replication in which tillage systems were kept in main plot and wheat varieties were in sub plots. The net plot size was 2.5m x 7m. Experiment was comprised of a following treatment combination i.e; T1 =Zero Tillage with four varieties such as V1 (Bakkhar-2002),V2 (SH-2002),V3(AS- 2002) and V4 (Uqab 2000) and T2 = Conventional Tillage with four varieties such as V1 (Bakkhar-2002), V2 (SII- 2002),V3 (AS- 2002) and V4 (Uqab- 2000).The data on various crop growth and yield attributes were recorded using standard procedures. The yield components like biological yield, grain yield and straw yield were higher in the zero tillage than the conventional tillage. Among the growth parameters such as plant height (cm), number of grains per spike although increased under zero tillage but the difference remained statistically nonsignificant between the conventional and zero tillage. It is concluded from the results that tillage has no significant effect on the varieties to produce the yield greater than each other. So zero tillage can be preferred over the conventional tillage in a cottonwheat cropping system as it will not only allow the planting at proper time but also it will reduce the cost of cultivation. These two factors will add a lot to the final yield which will ultimately result in more profit.
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Effect of threshing drum speed and crop moisture content on the paddy grain damage in axial-flow thresher
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-07-03) Alizadeh, M.R.; Khodabakhshipour, M.
The effects of threshing drum speed of an axial-flow thresher at five levels of 450, 550, 650, 750 and 850 rpm, and paddy moisture content of at three levels 17.0, 20.0 and 23.0 % (w.b.) on the broken and cracked grains were examined. The results revealed that the most broken grains of 0.677 was recorded at drum speed of 850 rpm and paddy moisture contents of 17 % and the least value was obtained at drum speed of 450 and 550 rpm and paddy moisture content of 23.0 %. The cracked grains increased from 7.0 to 37.0 %, 6.67 to 25.0 % and 14.0 to 17.30 % at paddy moisture contents of 17.0, 20.0 and 23.0 %, respectively as the drum speed increased from 450 to 850 rpm. The most grain damage was measured at moisture content of 17.0 % and the least was obtained at moisture content of 23.0 %.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Sustainable agricultural development –concepts, principles, eco-efficiency, eco-equity, eco-conditioning
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-04-11) Zaharia, Carmen
Starting with the reform of 1999 (named Agenda 2000), the Common Agricultural Policy has two main directions: market policy and sustainable development of rural zones. Since 2003, the environmental aspects were better integrated into the agricultural policy that included new measures or improvements of the existing ones, in order to promote the environment protection (new concept of the ‘sustainable agricultural development’). The main instrument of market policy is eco-conditioning. Agenda 2000 has introduced the requirement for all EU member states to apply measures for the environment protection, in order to assure the quality of agricultural soils and production. If these measures are not observed, sanctions are applied that include reduction or even non-approval of direct subsidies for farmers. Thus, a minimum level of environment standards should be observed and the best agricultural practices should be applied so that the eco-efficiency and eco-equity be maintained and driven into the right direction for future generation and environment protection.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Studies regarding the evolution of agriculture associations in Iaşi County for designing viable farms
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-01-08) Brezuleanu, Stejărel
The area of arable land in Iaşi County did not change significantly in the period 2006-2008, but a slight increase was noticed in arable areas as size in the private sector, in comparison with those operated by the state. The tendency to raise the number of family associations from 280 in 2006 to 340 in 2008 was noticed, which means an increase of almost twice. An increase of more than twice was recorded in the area of arable land of this type of holding in 2008, compared to 2006. As concerns the peculiarities of the associative forms of Iaşi County, we have accomplished the modelling of the agricultural production for farms of 25.50, 80 and 110 ha in the hilly area. These differentiations were made taking into consideration the reports indicated by the Government Order 108/2001 and the information collected from the literature on the size of the farms in various areas of agricultural production. Because of a relatively small number of crops and some restrictions in number, we have applied the method of multiple choices. For each module, there has been taken a number of conventional animals - AC, which is determined by the possibilities of farmers to ensure dairy production, especially in compliance with livestock sanitary rules imposed by the European Union.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Serological evaluation of canine coronavirus antibodies
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-01-04) Horhogea, Cristina-Elena; Carp Cărare, Mihai; Rîmbu, Cristina-Mihaela; Carp Cărare, Cătălin
Canine enteric coronavirus (CECoV) is an infectious disease, affecting dogs and being responsible for the occurrence of diarrhoea with various degrees of severity in puppies. Research has covered two main directions: the establishment of canine coronavirus carriers among healthy animals and those with digestive troubles (diarrhoea, vomiting and weight loss), and the assessment, after vaccination with canine anticoronavirus vaccine, of specific antibody titer type IgG and IgM. The values of optical density, determined by indirect ELISA for anticoronavirus antibodies type IgM, have varied from 93 to 1004, showing the specific immune response after infection and the establishment of canine coronavirus carriers and disposers. The values of optical density, determined by indirect ELISA for anticoronavirus antibodies type IgG, have varied after 14 days, from 89 to 556, while after 21 days, from 312 to 723. In case of anticoronavirus antibodies type IgM, after 14 days, the same values varied from 43 to 267, while after 21 days, from 45 to 253, showing the specific immune response after vaccine. The obtained results allowed us to assess the importance of knowing the carrier and removal status of canine coronavirus, as a source of infection for other animals, not necessarily belonging to the same breeds. These could develop very severe diseases, even lethal ones.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Serological investigations on the avian influenza
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-02-01) Patache, T.C.
Serological investigations were carried out during 2006 – 2008 on 4,176 blood samples, taken from different fowl species (hen, turkey hen, goose, duck, guinea fowl and pigeon), in areas where the avian influenza was signalled. At the beginning, examination was carried out through the ELISA immunoenzyme test and then, through the hemagglutinationinhibition reaction (HIR). Of the tested 4,176 samples, 485 samples have reacted positively, which represented 11.61%, while 3691 have reacted negatively, representing 88.39%. Positive serological reactions were recorded only in the samples taken in 2006, when of 848 tested samples, 485 have reacted positively, which represented 57.11%, while 363 (42.89%) had negative reactions. Samples taken and tested in 2007 and 2008 had a negative reaction. The most positive reactions were obtained at samples taken from hen, where of 2182 tested samples, 371 (17%) had positive reactions, followed by samples taken from turkey hen (10.51%), guinea fowl (5.78%), duck (3.11%) and goose (2.74%).
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The influence of micronutrients on the capacity of accumulating cell biomass in Bacillus megaterium strain from soil
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-01-21) Ștefănescu, Ioana-Adriana; Mocanu, Raluca; Surdu, Ștefania
Bacillus megaterium is a microorganism from soil, located mainly in rhizosphere, with capacities of biosolubilization of insoluble micronutrients, which are unavailable for plant nutrition. The biosolubilization of iron, manganese, zinc and cooper compounds, which are insoluble forms for plant nutrition, depended on the amount of microorganisms in soil. At the end of the experiment, the accumulation capacity of cell biomass was tested for Bacillus megaterium strain, which was isolated from forest soil, for decreasing the high degree of soil pollution. The quantity of accumulated biomass by Bacillus megaterium also depended on the level of microorganism adaptation to the presence of these metals in environment. Thus, it was demonstrated that an isolated strain from the metal polluted soil, in comparison with Bacillus megaterium isolated from a forest soil, would accumulate a significant superior biomass quantity.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Qualitative determination of lactofermented products found in the commercial network of Iaşi County
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-05-11) Beceanu, Dumitru; Anghel, Roxana-Mihaela
Pickling is a semiconservation method by which they try to obtain the necessary concentration of lactic acid in a saline solution, through bacterial fermentation, starting from the glucides existing in products. In this scientific paper, we made a comparative study between lacto-fermented products from the commercial network and lactofermented products obtained in a different way (iodated/non-iodated salt) through the household pickling method. Overall, we had 14 samples of lacto-fermented products, nine samples from supermarkets and five samples of sauerkraut with iodated and noniodated salt. During the carrying out of the study, we also followed the highlighting of iodated salt effects on the conservation process of vegetables by pickling. Through the chemical analyses and the physical determinations effectuated, we have tried to show the differences existing between the products purchased from the commercial network and those obtained by household pickling.
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Observations on the inventory of phytophagous arthropods and phytopathogenic agents from meadows situated in North-eastern Moldavia
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-03-22) Tălmaciu, Nela; Tălmaciu, Mihai; Lipșa, Florin-Daniel
In most of grassland ecosystems used for grazing, a change of flower composition took place, by invading these areas with weeds that diminish their economic value, both quantitatively and qualitatively. One of the strategies of weed control is using natural limitative factors, which are pests and phytopathogenic agents. Observations were carried out in 2009 on two plots: the first plot situated near Iaşi – Miroslava and the second plot situated near Bârlad – Perieni, 100 km south from Iaşi. The plots were invaded by Lepidium draba. As a result of inventorying phytophagous bodies of invasive plants in the grassland ecosystems of the Central Moldavian Plateau in 2008, we have shown that the species belonged to orders Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Homoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Acari. Among all these species, as potential control agents of Lepidium draba, having a high control rate, there were Ceutorhynchus cardariae Korotyaev, Psylliodes wrasei Leonardi and Arnold., Aceria draba Nal. The signalled micromycetes were Blumeria graminis, found in Perieni (Vaslui) in common meadow grass (Poa pratensis); Puccinia coronifera f. sp. Lolii in Miroslava (Iaşi) in raigrass (Lolium perenne); Puccinia poarum in Perieni (Vaslui) in Poa pratensis; Alternaria alternata was signalled in whitetop (Lepidium draba), alfalfa (Trifolium repens), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata), raigras (Lolium perenne) sampled in Perieni (Vaslui) on June 10, 2009 and Cladosporium herbarum found in Lepidium draba and raigrass (Lolium perenne) in Miroslava (Iaşi) on July 5, 2009 and in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in Perieni (Vaslui) on July 25, 2009.
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Influence of natural complex organic fertilizers of boron, based on organic fertilization, on some qualitative parameters of watermelons on psamosols
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-02-08) Rățoi, I.; Croitoru, Mihaela; Toma, V.
Boron fertilization is an efficient technological work, especially when boron is applied on organic background. The obtained results pointed out the role of boron in plant metabolism: it stimulated the accumulation of some biochemical components in leaves (chlorophyll and carotene), intensified the activity of some enzymes (catalase) and improved fruit quality. In the variants where boron compounds were applied, greater chlorophyll content, 4.31-4.46 mg/g fresh matter, was recorded, compared to 2.14 mg/g fresh matter in the unfertilized variant and 4.00 mg/g fresh matter in the variant where only manure was used. The carotene content of leaves was of 0.73-0.79 mg/g fresh matter, compared to 0.49 mg/g fresh matter in the unfertilized variant and 0.63 mg/g fresh matter in the variant where only manure was used, in 2005. The quantity of total DM from fruits has increased from 9.35% in the unfertilized variant to 10.20-10.35% in the variants fertilized with manure + Folibor 5 l/ha - two treatments. On the organic background of 30 t/ha manure, by the leaf application of Folibor, yield increase was of 10.7 t/ha.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Soil fertility evolution influenced by cropping systems and soil erosion in the Moldavian Plateau
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-05-16) Ailincăi, Costică; Jităreanu, Gerard; Bucur, Daniel; Răus, Lucian; Filipov, Feodor; Ailincăi, Despina
The goal of the experiments carried out during 1980-2009, at the Podu- Iloaiei Agricultural Research Station, Iasi County, was the study of water runoff and soil loss, caused by erosion, in different crops and the influence of water and soil erosion on loss of organic matter and mineral elements from soil. The results on runoff and soil losses in different crops from the Moldavian Plateau have shown that, during 1980-2009, of the total amount of 570.2 mm rainfall, 366.1 mm (64.2%) produced water runoff, which was between 6.3 mm in perennial grasses and 29.6 - 35.4 mm in maize and sunflower crops. The annual soil loss by erosion was between 0.246 t/ha in perennial grasses and 8.976 t/ha in sunflower. Erosion has affected soil fertility by removing once with eroded soil, high amounts of mineral elements, which reached 16.1-17.5 kg/ha nitrogen, 1.2-1.3 kg/ha phosphorus and 2.0-3.2 kg/ha potassium, in maize and sunflower crops. The crop structure, which determined the diminution in mean soil losses by erosion until 3.206 t/ha, included 20 % straw cereals, 20% annual legumes, 20% row crops and 40 % perennial grasses and legumes.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Sustainable use of leaf cutting bee hives for alfalfa pollination
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-04-06) Shebl, M.A.
The pollination of plants is an important ecological service in natural and agricultural ecosystems. The majority of angiosperm plants rely on animals for pollination. The co-evolution of bees and flowers has resulted in special morphological adaptations for both insects and plants and the need of some plants for pollination by bees was absolute. One of the major forage crops in Egypt and in other parts of the world is alfalfa. The leafcutting bees, Megachile rotunda, are very important pollinators of alfalfa. Different natural nests have been found in the Eastern part of Egypt, but these nests are found under a high risk, due to the construction of new houses instead of old mud wall houses. Foam nests have been created from 2003 as hives for the conservation of bees, which were used for alfalfa pollination. Using leafcutting hives has resulted in a high alfalfa seed production. Easy to handle by farmers, hives are very easy for preservation, storage and reuse.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The effect of drought stress and super absorbent polymer (A200) on agronomical traits of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under field condition
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2010-04-17) Nazarli, H.; Zardashti, M.R.
In many areas of Iran, the reproductive growth stage of sunflower is exposed to the drought stress. Therefore, the investigation of irrigation management in the farm was necessary for increasing irrigation efficiency and decreasing water loss. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of different amounts of super absorbent polymer (A200) and levels of drought stress on morphological characteristics, such as: head diameter, stem diameter, plant height, 100-seed weight, seed yield and physiological characteristics, such as: relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll concentration of sunflower (cv. Master) under farm conditions. The experiment was carried out as a split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replicates. Three irrigation levels (irrigation after 6, 10 and 14 days) and five amounts of super absorbent polymer (0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 kg/ha) were set as main and sub-factors, respectively. Polymer was added at the fourteen leaf stage of sunflower to soil in deepness of root development. At this same stage, drought stress was applied. Polynomial models of each traits based on the ANOVA were fitted. The results indicated that drought stress has decreased significantly all the measured traits. In this study, seed yield has shown a significant decrease. After 6 days, irrigation has resulted in higher yields than other irrigation intervals. The highest seed yield was related to 300 kg/ha polymer application and the lowest one was related to irrigation after 14 days with no application of polymer. Regarding the limitation of water resources, super absorbent polymer could be a useful strategy for the sustainability of yield under drought stress in sunflower.

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