2025

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/6657

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The effects of defoliation caused by Stereonychus fraxini L. beetles on the radial growths in forest ash stands in Eastern Romania
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Blaga, Tatiana; Lungu Constantineanu, Camil-Ștefan; Blaga, Mădălina-Elena
The research aimed at understanding the influence of defoliation caused by the Stereonychus fraxini L. beetles on the growth and vitality of forest stands with ash trees in their composition or ash forest stands. Complete, unrepeatable defoliation has important consequences on tree vitality, especially in the case of early defoliation, causing a 50-70% reduction in the vegetative mass compared to the witness trees unaffected by defoliation; the effect of defoliation manifests differently, depending on the age of the stands, being more pronounced in young stands than in older ones; repeated defoliation within the same year causes partial or total drying of the trees towards the end of the vegetation season. Prevention of defoliation is possible through pest control methods. Pest control treatments manage to prevent defoliation and to put an end to mass multiplication of insects.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The influence of climate change on the drying of fir tree in the Roznov area (Neamț county, Romania)
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Blaga, Tatiana; Busnatu, Romeo; Lungu Constantineanu, Camil-Ștefan; Blaga, Mădălina-Elena
Due the climate change, an alarming increase of the phenomenon of drying of coniferous trees, has been observed. The attack of ipides found in fir stands is a secondary attack that occurs following the physiological weakening of the trees and their drying as a result of the lack of precipitation and high temperatures. The entire Eastern range of the Eastern Carpathians is vulnerable to drought, especially the stands located at altitudes below 800-1000 m and with S, S-E or S-W exposure, where the precipitation level is low and the temperatures are quite high, the mountains themselves constituting a barrier for the precipitation coming from the West. An urgent measure to stop the phenomenon, is the urgent valorization of the already affected wood mass and its exploitation. Trees that are lanceolate, attacked by mistletoe, fungi, etc. should also be extracted. For regeneration, deciduous or other species with higher resistance to drought and heat stress should be used.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Biodiversity and dynamics of harmful insects in raspberry crops during the 2024 agricultural year, under the ecological conditions of the Eastern Carpathians
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2026) Bădeanu, Marinela; Cebonaș, Irina; Sandu, Tatiana
In the context of increasing pest pressure on mountain horticultural crops, this study aims to evaluate the biodiversity and population dynamics of harmful insects in raspberry (Rubus idaeus) crops during the 2024 agricultural year, under the specific ecological conditions of the Eastern Carpathians. The research was carried out in two commercial plantations located in Suceava and Neamț counties, using standard entomological sampling methods: chromotropic traps, pheromone traps, visual observations, and plant material sampling. Throughout the growing season, 12 harmful insect species were identified, the most common being Byturus tomentosus, Drosophila suzukii, Amphorophora agathonica, and Aphis idaei. A significant correlation was observed between climatic conditions (temperature and humidity) and the population dynamics of the pests, particularly during the months of May to July. Altitude and plantation exposure were also found to influence the structure of entomological communities and the level of infestation. The results contribute to a better understanding of current phytosanitary risks and can serve as a basis for the development of effective integrated pest management strategies, tailored to the ecological conditions of the mountainous area of the Eastern Carpathians.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Particularities of land reclamation facility management
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Stanciu, Marian; Cîmpeanu, Sorin-Mihai; Constantin, Elena
The management of land reclamation facilities has special features determined by the complexity of the activities that are planned, organized and managed. Firstly, the special complexity of the activities results from the specificity of the elements that form the land reclamation facility: the agricultural land and the facilities built on it. Secondly, the complexity of the activities is determined by the need for these two elements to set up a consistent functional structure in order to fulfil the intended purpose, i.e. the sustainable increase of land productivity, by the effective exploitation not only of the natural resources, water and soil, but also of the genetic resources.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Research on the grafting affinity of variety for tinctorial red wines ”Măgura” on rootstocks with drought resistance
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Bosoi, Ionica; Pușcalău, Marioara; Dîrloman, Camelia-Alina
The phenomen of global warming has considerably influenced the evolution of the thermal and water regime annually and during the growing season in the viticultural ecosystem of the Odobeşti vineyard, the atmospheric and pedological drought characterizing the last five years of viticulture. In this context, the use of drought-resistant rootstocks for grafting is one of the solutions to counteract this extreme phenomenon. The present paper presents preliminary results regarding the grafting affinity of the ′Măgura′ grape variety for tinctorial red wines created at RDSVO Odobești, on three rootstocks with drought tolerance obtained in the Romanian viticultural research (Drăgășani 70). M.′, ′Crăciunel 71 Bl.′, ′Ruggeri 140 Vl.′). The rootstock ′Berlandieri x Riparia Sel.Oppenheim 4 –4 Bl.′, was taken into the study as a control. The obtained results show a very good grafting affinity of the ′Măgura′ variety on the ′Ruggeri 140 Vl.′ rootstock.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Aspects regarding the economic efficiency of different soil maintenance systems in vineyards
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Zaldea, Gabi; Nechita, Ancuța; Alexandru, Lulu-Cătălin; Filimon, Roxana-Mihaela; Filimon, Vasile-Răzvan
The vine-growing technologies in the vineyards of the country's north-eastern region are established differentially, according to ecopedoclimatic conditions, with specific technological practices applied depending on the area and the cultivated varieties. The implementation at SCDVV Iași of innovative technological practices aimed at reducing energy consumption, lowering pollutant emissions, and preserving soil structure for the promotion of sustainable agriculture involved testing four soil maintenance systems in the inter-row spaces. The analysis of manual and mechanical labor requirements, along with the inputs applied, allowed the assessment of the economic efficiency of different soil maintenance systems, highlighting their advantages and drawbacks under specific conditions. The results obtained highlight that the highest economic efficiency was recorded in variant V4, with a profitability rate of 44%, compared to only 8% in variant V1. Similar values were also achieved in variants V3 and V2, with profitability rates of 34% and 28%, respectively.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Evaluation of the impact of major climatic factors on the agrobiological and technological potential of table grape varieties cultivated in the Copou Iași Viticultural Center
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Nechita, Ancuța; Zaldea, Gabi; Alexandru, Lulu-Cătălin; Filimon, Roxana-Mihaela; Filimon, Vasile-Răzvan
The varied climatic conditions during the period 2015–2024 enabled the analysis of the performance of several table grape genotypes representative of the Iași vineyard, with regard to the cumulative effect of environmental stress factors on their agrobiological and technological traits. Under the influence of climatic factors whose levels have been altered by global warming, the studied varieties and clones (Gelu, Paula, Mara, Victoria, and Chasselas doré 20 Is) exhibited different responses, with their agrobiological and technological characteristics being affected both quantitatively and qualitatively. From the perspective of technological potential achieved in years with different climatic conditions (dry, normal, and rainy years), the results confirmed both the productive capacity and the climatic suitability of the Copou Iași viticultural center for the cultivation of table grape varieties.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The Romanian Vitis Database: an informative, multimedia web-based platform for managing grapevine genetic resources in Romania
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Barbu, Steliana-Paula; Bucur, Alexandra-Daniela; Filimon, Vasile-Răzvan; Cosma, Ștefan-Traian; Bosoi, Ionica; Manolescu, Andreea; Rotaru, Liliana; Hârța, Monica; Stroe, Marinela-Vicuța
Due to its geographic location and geological features, Romania has a rich history of grape cultivation and displays significant biodiversity, which is evident at both the ecosystem and species levels. Efficiently managing grapevine germplasm collections involves maintaining a database that records each country's viticultural heritage and complete descriptions based on relevant indicators. This strategy aims to effectively utilize biological material in breeding activities, ensure high-quality biological material for new vineyard plantations, and protect rare genotypes at risk of extinction. A complex characterization based on ampelographic, technological, and agrobiological descriptors, as well as SSR molecular marker genetic profiles, allows for the accurate fingerprinting of the cultivar and eliminates uncertainties caused by synonymy and homonymy. In this context, the Romanian Vitis Database will serve as a valuable source of information, accessible both nationally and internationally. It aims to effectively manage, protect, and utilize grapevine genetic resources in Romanian ampelographic collections as a legacy for future generations.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Improving the efficiency of peas protection and improving the competitiveness of its production
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Panuța, Sergiu; Croitoru, Nichita; Zbancă, Andrei; Tălmaciu, Mihai
Annual leguminous crops, and peas in particular, are of great economic importance, used both as food for humans and for feed of farm animals. Pea crops are often damaged by various pests, the most dangerous of which are Acyrthosiphon pisum Harr., Kakothrips robustus Uzel, Sitona lineatus L., Sitona crinitus Hrbst., Bruchus pisorum L., Cydia nigricana Fabr., and Ceramica pisi L. To more effectively utilize this crop, additional research is needed on cultivation technology, including the use of various chemical plant protection products. In the fight against the main pests of peas, the most effective is the insecticide with active substance cypermethrin with application rate of 0.15 l/ha, which provides a reduction in the number of green pea louse by 98.89–9.,91%, and pea beetle by 98.94–92.46%, within 7–12 days after treatment. The authors analyzed, based on the income and expenditure budget, what the level of competitiveness is and how it can be optimized.
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Research on the entomofauna of epigeal coleoptera collected from some vineyard plantations
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Toader Cătălin,; Herea, Monica; Tălmaciu, Nela; Prisacariu, Liviu; Mocanu, Ionela; Alexandru, Lulu-Cătălin; Panuța, Sergiu; Tălmaciu, Mihai
The material was collected using Barber-type soil traps in the vineyard plantations of the Odobesti vineyard. A 2,5% NaCl solution was placed inside the traps. The traps were placed in the plantation from June to August, in 2023, a total of 7 collections were made at intervals of 6 and 12 days. The material thus collected was brought to the laboratory, cleaned of plant debris, soil, etc., and only epigeal beetle species were then selected. In this research, two variants were used, the variant with chemical treatments and the variant without chemical treatments, each variant using 12 traps. In total, in the variant without treatments, 629 specimens of coleoptera belonging to 31 species were collected. In the variant with chemical treatments, a total of 95 specimens were collected, belonging to 22 species.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Observations on epigeic arthropod species present in certain orchard and forest plantations
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Bârdan, Vasile; Herea, Monica; Tălmaciu, Nela; Hagiu, Otilia; Prisecariu, Liviu-Adrian; Bădeanu, Marinela; Panuța, Sergiu; Tălmaciu, Mihai
The observations were carried out over a single year, 2025, in an apple orchard and a forest plantation containing both coniferous and deciduous species.Several types of traps were used to collect arthropods: soil traps of the Barber type, Decis Traps, yellow sticky traps, etc. Direct observations of the trees were also performed. Collection of material and trap readings were conducted throughout the vegetation period at intervals generally ranging between 14–17 days. The exact dates of collection and readings were: 16.05.2025, 06.06.2025, 26.06.2025, 16.07.2025, 01.08.2025, 22.08.2025, 10.09.2025, and 24.09.2025. The species with the highest abundance and most frequently collected were: Pterostichus (Poecilus) cupreus, Silpha carinata, Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, Armadillidium vulgare, Carabus coriaceus, Geotrupes vernalis, Necrophorus vespillo, Staphylinus caesareus, Agriotes ustulatus, Oiceoptoma thoracicum, Harpalus tardus, Aptinus bombarda, Dermestes laniarius, Carabus intricatus
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Observations on the structure and dynamics of arthropod species collected from pea crops
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Balint, Răducu-Ionuț; Tălmaciu, Nela; Herea, Monica; Prisacariu, Liviu; Sipos, Renata; Mitrea, Ion; Tălmaciu, Mihai
The present study aimed to evaluate the community structure of arthropods in a pea crop (Pisum sativum) located in Răducăneni commune, Iași County, over two consecutive growing seasons (2023 and 2024). Biological material was collected using Barber pitfall traps, a passive and efficient technique for monitoring ground-dwelling fauna. Samples were collected at regular intervals of 12–16 days, and the captured material was subsequently preserved in 40% ethanol and taxonomically identified based on specialized literature and online resources. To characterize community diversity, the Shannon, Simpson, and Pielou’s Evenness indices were calculated. The results revealed significant differences between the two years, reflecting the influence of climatic conditions on faunal dynamics. In 2023, the community was dominated by Coleoptera (1,048 individuals), followed by Hymenoptera and Orthoptera, indicating a diversified and relatively stable structure. In 2024, the total abundance of Coleoptera decreased significantly (702 individuals), while Diptera showed a marked increase (425 individuals), becoming the second most abundant group. This shift reflects the differential response of taxonomic groups to the warmer and drier conditions observed in 2024, which favored water-tolerant and generalist species. Analysis of diversity indices indicated a reduction in both diversity and evenness in 2024, associated with a more uneven distribution of abundances. The study highlights the sensitivity of ground-dwelling arthropod communities to interannual climatic variability and underscores the importance of continuous monitoring for understanding ecological dynamics in agroecosystems
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Research on the biology of the species Laspeyresia pomonella L. in the North-East area of Romania
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Turcu, Cristina-Ionela; Tălmaciu, Mihai; Chelaru, Simona-Mihaela; Aftudor Manolache, Agurița; Perju, Ionel; Sîrbu, Sorina; Iurea, Elena
The research was carried out at the Research Station for Fruit Growing Iași, during 2021–2022, with the objective of correlating climatic conditions with the biological dynamics of pests of the Laspeyresia Pomonella L. species in apple orchards. The year 2021 was characterized by an average annual temperature of 10.1°C (below the multiannual average of 11.0°C) and a precipitation amount of 563.6 mm, close to normal, but with an uneven distribution. In contrast, the year 2022 was more hostile, with an average temperature of 11.3°C, a maximum of 37.0°C and only 379.0 mm of precipitation, marking a deficit of -182.6 mm and causing severe water stress. Late spring frosts (down to -6.0°C in April 2022) affected the phenophases of apple and influenced the evolution of insect populations. Based on the accumulation of thermal degrees, two complete generations of pests were confirmed in both years. The first generation was triggered in April, with the emergence of adults, followed by egg laying and larval hatching in May (Σ≈200–270°C), pupation in June (Σ≈600–660°C) and adult maturation. The second generation took place in July–August (Σ≈1400–1500°C), and the mature larvae entered diapause in September–October (Σ≈1700°C). In conclusion, the data show that climatic variations (late frosts, droughts and excessively hot summers) influenced both the phenology of the trees and the synchronization of the biological stages of the pests, highlighting the need for ecological control strategies adapted to climate change.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The influence of the application of eco-schemes regarding permanent crops in cherry plantations on biodiversity and environmental impact
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Chelaru, Simona-Mihaela; Turcu, Cristina-Ionela; Aftudor Manolache, Agurița; Perju, Ionel; Sîrbu, Sorina; Iurea, Elena
Observations were carried out during 2024–2025 in the experimental cherry lot of Research Station for Fruit Growing Iasi, located in Miroslava, with the objective of evaluating the impact of eco-schemes and technological variants in cherry plantations on biodiversity and reduction of external inputs. Four experimental variants (mechanical feeler, herbicide, repellent plants, biodegradable mulch) were compared in terms of the degree of attack by pathogens and pests. The results show that the variant with repellent plants had the best efficiency in reducing the pressure of pathogen and pest attack, a viable ecological alternative for integrated management of fruit plantations.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Sorghum and its allelopathic potential – perspectives for weed management in horticulture
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Tănase, Beatrice-Elena; Vicovanu, Nicu-Alexandru; Zaharia Rogojină, Mihaela; Hangan Istrate, Ana-Maria-Roxana; Stoleru, Vasile
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is a xerophytic plant of the Poaceae family, known both for its adaptability to drought conditions and for its nutritional value. It has a deep root system and a metabolism that can generate bioactive compounds with allelopathic effects on other plants in the same environment. The main compound involved in this process is sorgoleone, a benzoquinone derived from root exudates and root hairs, which has herbicidal effects on weeds. Sorgoleone and its associated compounds are continuously released into the rhizosphere during the growing season, influencing the competitiveness of nearby plants and contributing to natural weed control. This allelopathic mechanism is mediated by the enzymatic biosynthesis of sorgoleone and the transport of bioactive compounds in the rhizosphere, offering opportunities for its application in sustainable horticultural systems and integrated weed management. The present study focuses on recognizing the allelopathic properties of sorghum, highlighting its potential as a natural resource for the development of innovative, efficient, and environmentally friendly agricultural practices.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Yield and quality of round pepper fruits - influence of calcium nitrate and biostimulants
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Paraschiv, Mihaela; Constantin Dascălu, Delia-Cristina; Gheorghe, Mariana-Cristiana; Scurtu, Ion
The study aims to investigate the effect of using calcium nitrate, simple or combined with different biostimulants on the quantity and quality of round pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum). The biological material used consisted of the cultivar “Asteroid 204”. Three foliar treatments were applied, from fruit setting, with calcium nitrate alone or in combination with three seaweed-based biostimulants (Agrocean B, E-Dalgin and Kelpak), two based on microorganism inoculum (Triptolemus HV and Albit), and three mixed bistimulants (Sprintene, Kinactiv Fruit and Rerum). The mass of a fruit, the number of fruits per plant and the yield were determined, and for the assessment of quality - the firmness and thickness of the pulp, the total dry matter content, the total soluble solids, and the level of titratable acidity. The combined use of calcium nitrate with various biostimulants, such as Kelpak, Sprintene, Kinactiv Fruit or Rerum, increases production and improves some quality traits.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Effectiveness of products that inhibit ethylene synthesis in the apple fruits during the post harvest period
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Peșteanu, Ananie
To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor 1-MCP during storage of the Gala Dark Baron variety, the following experimental scheme was developed: 1. Normal atmosphere (C), no treatment; 2. Fitomag, 0.44 g/m3; 3. Grand Fresh, 60 g/m3; 4. Grand Fresh, 68 g/m3. The fruits of the control and treated variants were placed in room with a normal atmosphere (CO2 - 0.03%; O2 - 21%). Storage temperature 0...+10С and relative humidity 92-95%. The storage period was 150 days. Treating fruit with products whose active substance is 1-MCP before storage increases pulp firmness, DA-Meter index values, standard fruit yield, decreases ethylene emission, natural loss, fungal disease, and extends the "shelf life" of apples compared to the control variant.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The impact of the product pilarhance, SL on increasing the productivity of apple orchards
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Peșteanu, Ananie
The investigations were carried out with Gala Buckeye apple trees variety grafted on the M9 rootstock. The planting distance was 3.5 x 0.8 m, with a vertical crown shape. The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of Pilarhance, SL as a growth regulator in different treatment doses to stimulate fruit growth and development processes in apple orchards. To achieve the planned objective, the following variants were studied: 1. Control, without treatment; 2. Gibbera, SL, 0.5 l/ha; 3. Pilarhance, SL, 1.2 l/ha; 4. Pilarhance, SL, 1.3 l/ha. On the basis of the obtained results, it was established that the growth regulator Pilarhance, SL can be included in the technological scheme for apple cultivation at a dose of 1.3 l/ha, applied 3 times by foliar spraying. The first treatment has to be carried out after flowering, and the next 2 with an interval of 7-10 days between them.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Study regarding quality traits of fruits in cherry cultivars (Prunus avium L.) under the conditions of the NE area of Romania
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Iurea, Elena; Mineață, Iulia; Sîrbu, Sorina; Gherghel, Mădălina-Iuliana; Golache, Iuliana-Elena; Boboc, Cristina-Ionela; Ungureanu, Ionuţ; Perju, Ionel; Chelaru, Simona-Mihaela
The paper introduces the valuable traits of the fruits in local and international cherry cultivars under the conditions of 2021 – 2024, cultivars suitable for both fresh consumption and for processing. Considering the fruit weight (g) and its equatorial diameter (mm) as averaged across four years of study, cultivars Ludovan (9.76 g and 27.25 mm), Cociuvaş (9.70 g and 27.11 mm), Andreiaş (9.20 g and 25.87 mm), Miris (7.92 g and 25.01 mm) and Van (7.90 g and 25.05 mm) stood out statistically, showing significantly higher differences. In terms of stone size, the cultivars recorded a weight between 0,26 g (Miris) and 0,35 g (Andreiaş). The dry substance content was between 14.7 °Brix (Scorospelka) and 19.86 °Brix (Margonia), while the values for the total content of polyphenols were between 299.17 mg GAE 100 mL-1 (Scorospelka) and 482.35 mg GAE 100 mL-1 (Cociuvaş). As for the resistance of the fruits to cracking, all the studied cultivars showed good resistance, with recorded values under 19%, except for cultivar Van (43.9%).
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Assessment of the phenotypic diversity of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. in natural and anthropized ecosystems
(Editura “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași, 2025) Gavat, Corina; Nicolae, Silvia; Lămureanu, Gheorghe; Miron, Liliana; Moise, Irina; Stroe, Ciprian
The study aims are to identify valuable species and genotypes tolerant to extreme environmental conditions, diseases, and pests. Wild biotypes of fruit tree species represent important genetic resources for improving adaptability and yield under low-input conditions. In Constanta and Arges counties, several cherry plum biotypes were identified and characterized in terms of plant habit, vigor, health status, and fruit quality. Most fruit samples exhibited high dry matter content, exceeding 15° Brix, and were classified as sweet or very sweet. The most promising rootstock selections will be grafted and included in the National Collections, serving as a gene reservoir for future breeding programs.

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