2015

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/1090

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Potassium sulfate improved early growth of wheat under controlled conditions
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-03-05) Aliloo, A.A.
Experiments were conducted to evaluate NPK fertilizer effects on early growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum variety Azar-2). Chemical fertilizers including urea (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 1000 mg.L-1), triple superphosphate (10, 20, 30, 30 and 60 mg.L-1) and potassium sulfate (100, 200, 300, 400 and 800 mg.L-1) were used along with control in three replications. The used concentrations imitate possible status of the fertilizers in the soil solutions. The results showed that fertilizers did not alter seed germination percentage. However, there was a significant influence on seedling performance. Seedling growth under potassium sulfate applications was significantly enhanced, which was followed by triple superphosphate, but urea decreased the values. The root to shoot ratio was influenced by potassium sulfate and the ratio was decreased in all concentration. Triple superphosphate did not significant effects on seedling properties, while urea decreased seedling performance. It was concluded that the response of wheat to the fertilizers application was different and among the used materials potassium sulfate could be effective on seedling growth of wheat.
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Water efficient cropping systems for semiarid regions in Pakistan
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-05-26) Ahmad, A.; Ahmed, Z.I.; Shehzad, M.; Aziz, I.; Khan, K.S.; Shoaib, M.; Mehmood, T.; Mubeen, K.
Water scarcity and land degradation are emerging threats to global food production. The dry land regions of world are affected by climate change to a greater extent and facing food insecurity. The current pattern of food production has been estimated to be inadequate to meet demands of growing population and required around 38% increase to meet world`s food demands by 2025. Food insecurity in erosion hit dry land regions of Pakistan also demands development of resource-efficient cropping systems to meet the food needs of population growing. The research studies involved different cropping patterns such as fallow-wheat, mungbeanwheat, sorghum-wheat, fallow-lentil, mungbean-lentil, sorghum-lentil, fallowbarley, mungbean-barley and sorghumbarley. The organic amendments involved farmyard manure, NPK, poultry manure, compost and inoculation by phosphorus solubilizing microbes. The effect of cropping systems and soil amendments were evaluated at field scale in terms of water use efficiency measured in terms of economic terms. The results of the studies revealed that double cropping (mungbean-lentil and mungbean-barley) was feasible option in the dryland regions of Pakistan if integrated with the use of poultry manure as alternate environmental-friendly strategy to cut down the use of mineral fertilizers and eliminate summer fallowing.
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Study on the track wheeled vehicle designing for off-road operations on snowy and wet terrains
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-06-08) Aghazadeh, N.; Taghavifar, H.
Off-road vehicle trafficking is of interesting subjects for agricultural, mining and civil engineering purposes. The traversing over snowy and wet terrain is of greater importance regarding the sinkage and terrain properties. The motion resistance, traction, sinkage, and vehicle stability are functions of wheel-terrain interactions and particularly the contact patch characteristics. As adoption of wheeled vehicles on snowy terrain is difficult, tracked wheel vehicles are of greater interest and applicability. In this paper, the designing and analysis of tracked wheel system mounted on a light weight allterrain vehicle (ATV) is addressed. The designing considerations are based on semiempirical models (Bekker and Mohr- Coulomb criterion) and experimentally obtained data on the snow mechanical properties for the test region. Based on the analysis, it is observed that the greatest value of total deformation for the front and rear chasses are obtained at 0.00028485 and 0.00026229 m, respectively. The von Mises yield criterion addresses that the yielding of materials starts when the second deviatoric stress invariant gets to a critical value close to failure. Furthermore, the greatest values of von Mises stress for the front and rear tracked wheel chassis are equal to 64.60 and 62.48 MPa, respectively. The similarity is that the critical point is situated at the coincidence point between the inclined and longitudinally oriented rods (joint point). It is concluded that the developed vehicle could serve as a functional vehicle to perform on different off-road operational condition particularly wet terrains.
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Solvency, indebtedness, rates of return and investment impact on economic and technical analysis indicators (case study)
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-05-15) Chiran, Aurel; Gîndu, Elena; Jităreanu, Andy-Felix; Vîntu, Cătălin-Răzvan; Măgureanu, Adriana
The purpose of the performed and presented financial analyzes, in the case of the two units, does not allow major discrepancies between the estimated and achieved situation. The authors have based the research on the technical-economic and financial analysis of investments, which sets economic efficiency and investments viability and assumes forecast of revenue, expenses, profit and loss account, balance sheet and cash flow: a) static analysis of indicators; b) dynamic analysis of indicators, c) cost-benefit analysis. Analysis of economic efficiency and sustainability of investments aimes at both static indicators of investment analysis and dynamic analysis of economic efficiency. The goal of research was to improve analyzes and economic indicators for assessing the effectiveness and sustainability of investments and the objectives targeted technical and economic analysis, solvency and viability of investments and the impact of the investment on key indicators of economic and financial technical analysis. Case studies, carried out at S.C. NORD INTERMED CONSULTING GROUP S.R.L. Dorneşti, Suceava county and S.C. ANDIMIR TOP S.R.L. Mihălăşeni, Botoşani county, led to a series of measures to improve the financial analysis of economic efficiency and sustainability of investments.
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Heritability, genetic variability and correlation analysis of some important agronomic traits in rapeseed advanced lines
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-03-23) Rameeh, Valiollah
The efficiency of a breeding program depends mainly on the direction of the correlation between yield and its components and the relative importance of each component involved in contributing to seed yield.Twenty one rapeseed genotypes were evaluated based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant genotypes effects were exhibited for phenological traits, plant height, yield components except pod length and seed yield, indicating significant genetic differences among the genotypes. High broad sense heritability were determined for phenological traits, plant height and seed yield demonstrating selection gain for improving these traits will be high. Pods on main axis and pods per plant had high value of genetic coefficient of variation and also were significant correlated with seed yield. The results of factor analysis exhibited three factors including first yield components (plant height, pods on main axis and seed yield), second yield components (pods per plant, seeds per pod and 1000-seed weight) and fixed capital factor (phenological traits). On the basis of cluster analysis, the genotypes were classified in three groups and the group with high seed yield had high mean values of plant height, days to maturity and pods per plant.
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Effects of different nutritional systems on seed germination and early seedling growth in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.)
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-05-17) Zarei, D.; Shabani, G.; Reza Chaichi, M.; Khanahmadi, M.; Akbarabadi, A.
This study was carried out to determine the effect of different nutritional systems (chemical, biological and integrated) on germination and seedling growth in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). The statistical design was a randomized complete block design with four replications. Four levels of different fertilizing systems including chemical (T1), biological (a combination of nitrogen bacteria, Azospirillum brasilense and Glomus mosseae) (T2) and integrated fertilizing systems (biological fertilizer + 50% chemical fertilizer) (T3), and control (without fertilizer) (T0), were employed. The results indicated that the maximum seed germination was 95% and the highest seed germination rate with 30.4 per day was observed in the intergraded nutritional treatment. The experimental results showed that all nutritional treatments had positive effects on seed germination compared to control. The highest level of germination percentage with 95% and the highest rate of germination with 30.4 seeds per day were obtained in integrated nutritional treatment. However, the integrated nutritional system required more time to demonstrate its positive effect on the growth and yield of medicinal pumpkin compared to chemical system. The results of present experiment indicated that integrated nutritional treatment had the greatest positive impact on germination characteristics in medicinal pumpkin. Designing and developing such nutritional systems can guarantee and facilitate the achievement of long-term objectives of sustainable agriculture.
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Effect of salinity on nodulation, glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase activity in nodules of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2014-12-08) Younesi, O.; Moradi, A.
Bami cultivar of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) was inoculated with salttolerant Sinorhizobium meliloti in solution culture with different salt concentrations (0, 50, 75 and 100 mmoles l-1NaCl) added immediately at the time of inoculation. The results indicated that S. meliloti formed an infective and effective symbiosis with alfalfa under saline and nonsaline conditions. Salinity significantly decreased shoot and root dry weight, nodule weight and mean nodule weight. Roots were more sensitive than shoots, and N2 fixation was more sensitive to salinity than was plant growth. Analyses of ammonium assimilating enzymes in the nodule showed that glutamine synthetase appeared to be more tolerant to salinity than glutamate synthase, and that it limits ammonium assimilation under saline stress.
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Differential response to sea salt salinity by nitrate and antioxidant system in six soybean varieties
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-03-24) Saad-Allah, K.M.
Six varieties of soybean (Glycine max L.) plants were grown for 30 days under three levels of sea salt salinity (0.0, 8.0 and 16.0 mS/cm2) for studying the effect of sea salt on uptake of nitrate and response of the antioxidant system for these salinity doses. Salt treatments resulted in a gradual decline in nitrate uptake by increasing sea salt concentration, which mean that this will bring negative consequences on nitrogen assimilation. However, salt treatments induced the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and glycinebetaine in the leaves of all soybean verities as an adaptive strategy to cope with salt stress. On the other hand, there was a differential response in phenolic compounds among soybean verities as a function of salt concentration and the studied variety, which means there has a decline in phenolics under salt stress in the varieties Crawford, G21, G22 and G83, but in contrary in G35 and G82, phenolics has accumulated in response to salinity. Isozymes electrophoretic banding showed changes in peroxidase activity with sea salt, however superoxide dismutase showed stability in number and intensity of bands with salt treatments. Esterase enzyme was more sensitive to salinity and showed a gradual decline in activity by increasing salt concentration.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Coefficient analysis and association between morpho-agronomical characters in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-03-16) Akhshi, N.; Nazarian Firouzabadi, F.; Cheghamirza, K.; Dorri, H.R.
Pulses are important food sources for human consumption. In an attempt to study the associations between common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) morpho-agronomical traits, twelve genotypes and inbred lines were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in 2010- 2011 crop season. Seed yield and 20 other morpho-agronomic characters were recorded. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a significant (p ≤ 0.01) difference among genotypes with respect to almost all traits. Correlation analysis demonstrated that seed yield had a strong positive correlation with both seed number per plant and seed number per pod, suggesting the usefulness of these traits in common bean breeding programs. Step-wise regression analysis pointed out that the pod weight, seed number per pod and 100 seed weight contributed to the seed yield prediction, whereas other traits did not contributed to the seed yield prediction. These traits explained almost 99% of total seed yield variations. Path analysis showed that the maximum direct and positive effect was related to pod weight. Furthermore, factor analysis revealed that four factors, explained almost 71% of the total variance. The results of this research showed that biologic yield, pod weight, straw weight, number of pod per plant and seed number per plant were the most closely related traits to the seed yield.
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Biochemical properties and fruit quality of “Jahangiri” (Prunus armeniaca L.) apricot fruit under calcium chloride treatment
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-01-26) Yousefi, S.; Amiri, M.E.; Mirabdulbaghi, Mira
Worldwide, the nutritional value and health benefit of apricot fruit (Prunus armeniaca L., Rosaceae) has been known. The present study was therefore undertaken to assess the effects of CaCl2 pre harvest treatment on some of the biochemical properties and fruit quality of "Jahangiri" (Prunus armeniaca L.) apricot at harvest time and during four weeks cold storage at 0°C. The combined analysis of variances indicated that year had a significant influence on all studied parameters of "Jahangiri" cultivar. CaCl2 pre harvest treatments also affected significantly the most of studied parameters. The interaction between year and Ca treatment was also significant. Results of these tests showed that pre-harvest application of Ca foliar spray increased some of biochemical properties (protein, free amino acid and non protein) and fruit quality (fruit density) of apricot cultivar "Jahangiri". In addition, the contents of fruit-Ca, -Mg, -N, and vitamin C were higher than those in the control at harvest time and after four weeks storage at 0°C. The characteristics that correlated best with the fruit Ca content included fruit pH, fruit density, vitamin C of fruit and fruit Mg. The results also showed that the most effective pre-harvest CaCl2 application for apricot "Jahangiri " was found to be 0.5 % Ca Cl2 in 46 days after full bloom.
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Anatomical, histochemical and ultrastructural adaptations of the alimentary canal of the Uromastyx aegyptius and the Spalerosophis diadema to their food habits
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-03-05) Baiomy, A.A.A.; Mansour, A.A.; Attia, H.F.
This study deals with anatomical, histochemical and ultrastructural adaptations of the alimentary canal of the Uromastyx aegyptius and the Spalerosophis diadema to their food habits. Proteins and nucleic acids are highly pronounced in the alimentary tract mucosal cells of the studied two species. A variable distribution of proteins and nucleic acids was observed in the different regions of the alimentary tract mucosa of the studied two species. The activity of alkaline phosphatase showed obvious variations not only among different organs, but also between the two species. At the ultrastructural level, the oesophageal mucosal cells contained oval shaped euchromatic nucleus with condensed chromatin and the perinuclear cytoplasm contained some electron-light vesicles. The gastric mucosal cells contained oval shaped euchromatic nucleus with condensed chromatin and the cytoplasm contained many rough endoplasmic reticulum, also many tonofilaments formed thick bundles which converged at the adherence junction in the lateral membranes. The small and large mucosal intestinal cells contained oval euchromatic nuclei and their cytoplasm contained few electron-light vesicles, also their lateral membranes showed many interdigitations. In spite of their difference in taxonomy, habitat, mode of feeding and their vital activities, they show more or less a similarity in the histochemical and ultrastructural patterns of their alimentary tract mucosa. This study can be applied to distinguish between different species of reptiles and for establishment of natural reserves.
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Soil and water salinization in Ghaleh Ghazi region, Iran
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2014-05-09) Sadeghi, A.; Zehtabian, Gh.; Moradi, N.; Nohegar, A.; Khosravi, H.
Approximately 34% of soils in Asia are influenced by salts. With about 25 million ha of saline and alkaline lands, about 15% of the country, Iran has the most saline lands in Asia after China, India, and Pakistan due to its geographical position, climate and human activities. This research was done due to determine the effective factors on soil and water salinization. At the first the boundaries of this region were characterized using GIS, then landuses were determined for field survey and also soil sampling in nine landuses were done according to both factors of planting pattern and water resources in each unit. The soil profile was prepared and soil samples were obtained from surface depths of (0 - 50 cm) and some factors such as soil texture EC, SAR, pH, CaCO3, Cl and potassium were measured. For study of water resources some samples were obtained from 30 wells and also from upland runoff, then soil and water sample were analyzed and some parameters such as EC, SAR, Cl- and pH were measured. Finally, according to data base, geological map, topography map, landuse map, soil and water measured data and also field studies, soil and water salinization schedule and region status were investigated. The results showed that important factors influencing water salinization in Ghaleh Ghazi region (Iran) are geological formations located in aquifer recharge and climate condition. Important factors of soil salinization in region are irrigation with saline water, improper irrigation method, unsuitable planting method, climate condition and landform.
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Results obtained in breeding of bitter cherry assortment at fruit growing research station Iaşi - Romania
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-03-11) Iurea, Elena; Sîrbu, Sorina; Corneanu, Gelu
The paper proposes the improvement of the current bitter cherry assortment with new creations made at Iaşi, adapted to the specific conditions from the NE area of Romania. For the improvement of the bitter cherry assortment with new, productive, disease resistant cultivars with fruits of good quality, resistant to cracking with different maturation stages, in 1981 at Fruit Growing Research Station (F.G.R.S.) Iaşi - Romania has begun an action of selection and promoting of some valuable genotypes of bitter cherry (existent in the spontaneous flora or in plantations from the Iaşi county), which were being planted with cultivars and other genotypes from all around the country. Following the positive and gradual selection there were selected three biotypes of bitter cherry from which two of them have been approved as new cultivars in 1994, with the names „Amar Maxut”, respectively, „Amar Galata” and the biotype „Amar R5.P10” has been registered in 2013 at the State Institute for Variety Testing and Registration Bucharest to be approved as a new cultivar. All three bitter cherry genotypes correspond to the objectives of the main assortment breeding. They have a high productivity because the natural fertility index registered values between 36.5-63.7%, the trees have a reduced vigour, they present a good resistance to frost (1-9% affected buds) and to diseases (values of I% anthracnose, 1.1- 2.8%). The fruits are high quality and the maturation stages are at the extremities of the cherries maturation season.
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Pollen sources for honey bee colonies at land with desert nature during dearth period
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-03-29) Abou-Shaara, H.F.
Autumn is a critical period for honey bee colonies and the weak colonies during autumn are likely to be lost during winter. The colonies need good pollen sources during this period to be able to foster enough brood, to boost colonies survival ability during winter. The situation is worse in desert areas where few pollen sources are expected to be existed. Identifying the availability of pollen sources for honey bees at desert areas is very essential to present appropriate recommendations regarding colonies feeding and suitable plants to be cultivated in such areas. Thus, the study objective is to identify pollen sources for honey bee colonies during the autumn at El-Bostan region (a region with desert nature). Samples of bee bread were collected at different times during autumn. The samples were microscopically analyzed and pollen sources were then identified. Nine plants belong to six plant families (Pedaliaceae, Malvaceae, Poaceae, Asteraceae, Myrtaceae, Resedaceae, and Casuarinaceae) were classified as major pollen sources. The most abundant plants were casuarina and eucalyptus during autumn. Beekeepers are advised to supply their colonies regularly (each two weeks) with pollen substitutes or supplements during autumn at El-Bostan region. Honey bee workers tend to mix different pollen types together in bee bread when different pollen sources are available. The number of pollen sources in the bee bread can be used to assess the richness degree of any region with suitable pollen sources to honey bees. The identified pollen sources in this study are recommended to be cultivated in lands with similar desert nature, to provide honey bee colonies with protein feeding during this critical period of the year.
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Peculiarities of human resources management in sustainable and ecological farms
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-05-04) Brezuleanu, Stejărel; Brezuleanu, Carmen-Olguța; Dinu, Toma-Adrian; Stoian, Elena
Human resources management in agricultural farms is of particular importance in the context of the particularities of labor in agriculture, which is different from other economic sectors. Since labor is the most important production factor of any economic activity, labor productivity is the most used in the evaluation of economic efficiency. Accelerating the productivity growth is related to understanding content and its meaning, major factors of influence and way of exploitation. To emphasize human resource management and to illustrate the way of calculation of labor productivity, the study was conducted in an ecological farm with a vegetable profile of Iaşi County, Romania. The labor productivity has been used in the evaluation of economic efficiency, for three major crops: wheat, maize and potatoes. We used three indicators: average efficiency factor of production land use, WPm; the average productivity of labor in physical units, WLm; labor productivity, WH; labor productivity in monetary value, WV. To increase the labor productivity and efficiency of human resources there were organised training courses and programs both of managers and directly involved productive staff, but also there were introduced new production technologies that lead to ease and make efficient the staff work.
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Improvement of germination characteristics and enhancement of antioxidant enzymes activity of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) aged seeds by used of gibberellin
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-01-24) Khajeh, M.; Tabatabaei, S.A.; Ansari, O.; Sharif Zadeh, F.
Seed priming is one of the methods that can be taken to counteract the adverse effects of abiotic stress, also Seed priming treatments have been used to reduce the damage of aging and invigorate their performance in many crops. Objective of this study was to evaluation the effect of gibberellin on germination characteristics and antioxidant enzymes of safflower seeds after aging. Experimental design was a factorial one with complete randomized design with three replications. The first factor was priming by gibberellin (0 and 50 ppm) and non-primed seeds (control) and the secondary factor was combinations of four levels of aging (0, 1, 3 and 5 days of aging, at 43°C). The results showed that the priming and aging effects on germination percentage, germination index, normal seedling percentage, seedling length, vigor index, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase were significant, but on mean time to germination not significant. Results showed that, the highest germination characteristics such as; germination percentage, germination index, normal seedling percentage, seedling length, vigor index, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase were attained from priming by gibberellins, under non aged conditions. Also, our results indicated that seed aging is related to decrease of enzymes activity and may contribute to low seed germination efficiency, also priming increases enzyme activity and increases enzyme activity with priming treatment may contribute to improve germination characteristics. The general decreases in enzyme activity in the seed lowers the respiratory capacity, which in turn lowers both the energy (ATP) and assimilates supply of the germinating seed.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Impact of nanosized titanium dioxide on agronomical and physiological characteristics of annual medic (Medicago scutellata L.)
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2014-12-02) Dolatabadi, A.; Sani, B.; Moaveni, P.
In order to investigate the effect of exogenous application of nano- TiO2 on annual medic, a field study was conducted in a factorial design based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. The experimental treatments included six concentrations of nano-TiO2 (Control, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.06% g/l) and spraying at two growing stages (pod stage and 10% flowering stage). Results showed that the effects of nano- TiO2 and spraying times on dry forage yield were significant (p<0.01). Nano-TiO2 spray appear to influence the malone dialdehyde (MDA) content (p<0.01). With increasing concentrations of nano-TiO2 the values of aforementioned measured variable significantly decreased. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) were affected by nanoparticle (p<0.01) and spraying times (p<0.01), as well as their interactive effect of two mentioned factors were significant in terms of guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) (p<0.01) activity and dry forage yield. Among different concentrations of nano- TiO2, 0.04% and 0.06% have the best effect on all traits. Totally, treatment with nano- TiO2 were more effective in the pod stage, compared to 10% flowering stage.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Grouping bread wheat genotypes and lines based on some morphological traits using multivariate analysis
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2014-11-10) Pasandi, M.; Janmohammadi, M.; Movahedi, Z.; Sabaghnia, N.
The knowledge about the extent of variability among bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes is a high value for the genetic improvement programs and the efficient genetic diversity utilization of plant materials. The objective of this research was to assess the morphological characteristics of 56 common wheat genotypes which were planted under field condition and their morphological traits were recorded. The principal components (PC) analysis, factor analysis and clustering procedure were applied to group genotypes according to similarity on the basis of the measured traits. Results showed that the first two PCs explain 41% of the total variation. The PC and factor analyses grouped genotypes into four groups while the cluster analysis grouped them into five distinct clusters. The cluster I had good resistance to yellow rust and salinity while the cluster II, had good resistance to drought, cold and salinity. The cluster III had high tolerance to cold stress and low temperatures but the cluster IV had good tolerance to drought, brown rust and yellow rust. Also, cluster V had various properties including tolerance abiotic stresses, resistance to biotic stresses, resistant to lodging and semi-dwarf property. The results of this research will support efforts of conservation and utilization of genotypes in bread wheat breeding programs.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Foliar nitrogen management for improving growth and yield of dryland wheat
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2015-02-09) Amanullah, Jan; Alam, I.; Hidayatullah, Kakar; Khan, I.; Kumar, M.; Shah, A.
Foliar nitrogen (N) application is considered an important factor affecting phenology, growth, yield, and yield components of dryland wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A field experiment was conducted to study effects of foliar N on dryland wheat (cv. Prisabk-2004) at the Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan, during winter 2010-2011. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design using four replications. A plot size of 3 m by 4 m, having 8 rows, 4 m long and 30 cm apart was used. A total of 80 kg N ha-1 in the form of urea was applied. Out of 80 kg N ha-1, 70 kg N ha-1 was applied to the soil at sowing time, and the remaining 10 kg N ha-1 was applied in the form of foliar spray (2% N). The required foliar N was applied in various combinations (splits) at different growth stages viz. 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after emergence (DAE). Phenological development (days to anthesis and physiological maturity) was delayed, yield components and yield increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) with foliar N over control (water spray without N). Wheat grain yield increased to the highest level (4427 kg ha-1) when 100 % foliar N was applied (no split) at 90 DAE, followed by 4050 kg ha-1 at 120 DAE, while the control (no foliar N) resulted in the lowest grain yield (2573 kg ha-1). We concluded from this study that 2 % foliar N application in a single split either at 90 or 120 DAE could improve wheat productivity under dryland condition.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Effect of xanthan gum solution on the preservation of acerola (Malpighia glabra L.)
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2014-11-25) Quoc, L.P.T.; Hoa, D.P.; Ngoc, H.T.B.; Phi, T.T.Y.
Nowadays, storing fresh fruit and vegetable by edible film was the best method. There are a lot of chemical which can coat the surface of fruit to increase the preservation time. Among the chemicals was xanthan gum which was known as an additive and applied widely in food technology but it can use currently in the post harvest technology as an edible film. Coating of acerola fruit with xanthan gum has been found to delay the ripening process. Xanthan gum in aqueous solutions of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4% (w/v) was applied as an edible coating of unripe acerola which were stored at 30oC and 70- 80% RH for 6 days. Fruits were coated with 1.4% xanthan gum delayed the ripening process by slowing down the rate of respiration, in terms of percentage weight loss, soluble solids concentration (oBx), total acidity and color of acerola fruit during storage as compared to the uncoated control and fruit treated with other xanthan gum concentration. The result suggest that using 1.4% xanthan gum as edible coating may form a protective barrier on the surface of acerola, the ripening process of acerola can be delayed and prevented oxygen penetration. It can be prolong the preservation during 6 days at 30oC without any negative effects on quality of fruit. The appearance of acerola does not have blemishes and which is fresh, shiny and bright colored.

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