2023

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/3664

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Bacteriological And Cytological Findings In Postpartum Dairy Cows With Subclinical Endometritis
(The General Association of Romanian Veterinarians, 2023) Sikra Cherșunaru, Alexandra-Andreea; Borș, Silviu-Ionuț; Popovici, Ivona; Rîmbu, Cristina-Mihaela; Horhogea, Cristina-Elena; Pavel, Geta; Ciornei, Ștefan-Gregore; Roșca, Petru; Drugociu, Dan-Gheorghe
Subclinical endometritis is a condition that produces negative effects on lactation yield and fertility of dairy cows during the puerperal period. The objective of the research consisted in the characterization of the uterine microbiota of dairy cows and the identification of pathogens associated with infertility. Differential selective media for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were used for the isolation and identification of bacteria. To establish the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis, 54 animals were evaluated at ≥ 60 days postpartum; cytologically healthy cows (n = 32), cows with subclinical endometritis (n = 22). The microbiological examination was performed using samples of cervico-vaginal secretions collected from the same animals by vaginoscopy, namely 4 cows with endometritis and 4 healthy cows. Cervicovaginal secretions were examined microbiologically and the isolates identified included Gram-positive bacteria in percentage of 62.5% and 37.5% Gram-negative bacteria. The highest incidence was reported for Escherichia coli (16.66%), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (16.66%), Staphylococcus spp (14.58%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (12.5%). The prevalence of subclinical endometritis, 40.7% (22/54) was established on the basis of cell ratios (≥ 5% polymorphonuclear cells) assessed following examination of endometrial smears. Antimicrobial susceptibility profile determination revealed high susceptibility to florfenicol (93.75%), enrofloxacin (91.66%), marbofloxacin (91.66%) followed by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (83.33%) and cefquinome (70.83%). Antimicrobial resistance to tetracycline (100%), streptomycin (89.58%), colistin (72.91%) and penicillin (68.75%) was reported. In conclusion, the results of this study confirm that the combination of endometrial cytology with the microbiological examination of uterine discharges seems to be a good method for the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis, and provides an update of information about the microbiota present in the uterus of dairy cows after parturition, the state of its resistance to antibiotics and the effect on reproductive performance.
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New insights into the application of fungal biomass for Chromium(VI) bioremoval from aqueous solutions using Design of Experiments and Differential Evolution based Neural Network approaches
(Elsevier, 2023) Hlihor, Raluca-Maria; Roșca, Mihaela; Drăgoi, Elena-Niculina; Simion, Isabela-Maria; Favier, Lidia; Gavrilescu, Maria
New investigations were carried out to demonstrate the ability of Trichoderma viride dead biomass for the bioremoval of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. The gathered experimental data were initially modelled considering both adsorption and reduction kinetic models, followed by equilibrium models. In the next step, Design of Experiments method (DoE) and a Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm were applied for determining the optimal Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models which are able to correlate the process efficiency with the experimental conditions. In addition, DE (in combination with the previously determined ANN) was used to obtain the optimal working conditions for maximum process efficiency. These optimization procedures allow setting various process parameters and working conditions which ensure the maximum bioremoval efficiency. DoE highlighted that all the study parameters have statistically significant individual influence on Cr(VI) bioremoval efficiency and, for example, at pH 2 and a temperature of 50 °C, 100% of Cr(VI) is bioremoved if the biosorbent dosage is 10 g/L, considering a minimum contact time of 2 h and given a maximum initial concentration of 122.5 mg/L. According to the ANN model, a contact time set at 24 h yields optimal values for Cr(VI) bioremoval by dead biomass considering pH 1.00, 3 g/L biosorbent dosage, 23 mg/L metallic ion concentration and a temperature of 50 °C. pHpzc, FT-IR and SEM-EDX analyses were included for biomass characterization and to underline the bioremoval mechanism of Cr(VI). Our results are providing a solid basis for the development of technologies for detoxification of contaminated effluents.
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Lanthanum hydroxichloride/anatase composite and its application for effective UV-light driven oxidation of the emergent water contaminant Cetirizine
(Elsevier, 2023-06-17) Soto Donoso, Nicolás; Favier, Lidia; Fuentes Villalobos, Sandra; Paredes García, Verónica; Bataille, Thierry; Marco, José F.; Hlihor, Raluca-Maria; Le Fur, Eric; Venegas Yazigi, Diego
This work reports on the successful synthesis of a new composite named TiO2@La(OH)2Cl using a sol-gel and hydrothermal route. This method is considered an inexpensive and environmentally friendly synthetic method to produce materials with controllable size and morphology. A combination of X-Ray powder diffraction, X-Ray photoelectron spectrometry and Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed that the composite is made of micrometric platelets of La(OH)2Cl covered by c.a. 10 nm TiO2 anatase nanoparticles. The activity in photocatalytic reactions was examined through cetirizine degradation under UV-A irradiation. Results of the screening studies confirmed the excellent photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized composite compared to pure anatase and pure La(OH)2Cl, highlighting the positive role of the synergy between the two solids. The composite was further explored in detail in terms of catalyst load, pollutant concentration, water matrix and mechanism of the reaction. The target molecule was completely removed from the aqueous suspension at 2.5 mg/L of pollutant and 0.2 g/L of catalyst load. Also, reaction mechanism evaluation showed the active role of hydroxyl radicals in the degradation of cetirizine by the TiO2@La(OH)2Cl composite. Additionally, phytotoxicity investigations were performed to study the germination of cress seeds for treated and raw solutions. Data revealed that the degradation reaction products for cetirizine were scarcely toxic compared to the untreated sample confirming the usefulness of the photocatalytic treatment with the TiO2@La(OH)2Cl composite. Lastly, all these data demonstrate the excellent catalytic efficiency of the new synthesized material, opening new ways for its use for future applications for water purification.
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A Combinatorial Study for the Distribution of Phenotypes
(Old City Publishing, 2023) Sonea, Andromeda-Cristina; Leoreanu Fotea, Violeta
In this paper we consider the cases of simple dominance for dihybrid cross, trihybrid cross and the 4− hybrid cross, in order to notice that the distribution of phenotypes forms a lattice. Moreover, the lattice has an interesting property: it is isomorphic with the lattice of the divisors of 2𝑘, 𝑘 being a nonzero natural number.
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Sources, composition and management strategies of waste electrical and electronic equipment: a review
(Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, 2023) Ghiga, Simona-Cecilia; Simion, Isabela-Maria; Filote, Cătălina; Roșca, Mihaela; Hlihor, Raluca-Maria; Cozma, Petronela; Gavrilescu, Maria
Nowadays, in all sectors we are dealing with an intense development of technology, necessary on the one hand for our everyday lifestyle, but however with a major impact on the environment due to the lack of a proper infrastructure. In the case of electrical and electronic equipment waste (WEEE) management, due to their volume and composition, further expertise is needed for the collection and processing of electronic waste in an ecological way. Although different laws are adopted at national and international level, many illegal practices are registered among producers, consumers and stakeholders for the end-of-life of WEEE management. The purpose of this study is to raise the awareness of stakeholders regarding the assurance of sustainable development, by reducing the impact on the environment and natural resources conservation, following the best practices recommended for an eco-friendly management. Through this paper, useful strategies applied in several developed countries for the management of WEE have been studied and analyzed, and future perspectives regarding the management of electronic waste (e-waste) are suggested. In addition, human population should be more conscious regarding the significance of handling and recycling of WEEE.
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Light modulated phenolic synthesis in Chenopodium quinoa microgreens as a potential biotechnological tool
("VASILE ALECSANDRI” University of Bacău, 2023) Teliban, Gabriel-Ciprian; Pavăl, Naomi-Eunicia; Patraș, Antoanela; Iavorschi, Monica; Stoleru, Vasile; Lobiuc, Andrei
Chenopodium quinoa microgreens are a culinary product that, as well as other species, is rich in bioactive, health promoting compounds. The present paper shows that light spectrum alone can be used as a convenient tool for enhancing phenolic synthesis in quinoa plantlets. The methods used involved pot growth of quinoa plantlets and irradiation with a 16 : 8 photoperiod of either full spectrum (white) or a combination of blue:red:UV wavelengths and morphometric and biochemical assessments. Results shows that, while full spectrum light is more suitable for biomass accumulation, modulated light spectrum can be used for increases in the amount of phenolic compounds. Further optimization of light spectrum modulation can lead to economically higher value microgreens, with positive outcomes for both horticultural biotechnology but also for the consumer.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Evaluation of old apple varieties grown in North-Eastern part of Romania
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Zlati, Cristina; Istrate, Mihai; Dascălu, Marius; Negrea Pașcu, Roxana; Bernardis, Roberto-Renato; Strugariu Eisenhauer, Eduard
Old apple cultivars, either originating from Romania or of foreign origin but grown widely in this region, were examined to provide a characterisation of the varieties. The aim of the thesis was to observe and evaluate the phenological, and morphological traits of the old apple cultivars using the following methods as: observation of flowering phenology traits and the classification of the cultivars into flowering time groups; characterisation of the gene bank collection and the determination of diversity using morphological markers; preparation of a number-coded characterisation based on the morphological and biological traits laid down in the UPOV guidelines. Identified and collected material provides the initial genetic source for variety improvement. Using the observations and determinations made, we identified the potential genitors for different useful characteristics that we used in controlled intra and interspecific hybridizing. Researchers constant concern refers to preserving, coplotting, periodically reorganizing and assessing the biological and agrochemical characteristics of each genotype, the exchange of biological material into the restricted manner and the assessment of the potential genitors for some useful characteristics used in genetic breeding programs.
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Introducing architectural -landscape elements in urban squares for higher quality of life
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Cojocariu, Mirela; Bogrug, Ana; Dascălu, Doina-Mira; Hangan Istrate, Ana-Maria-Roxana; Grecu, Codrina
The value and attractiveness of landscaped green spaces stem from their ability to satisfy the general need for urban comfort and quality of life. This study suggests a redevelopment of Independence square by introducing architectural and landscape elements ensuring a higher degree of attractiveness. The square is located in the center of Iasi between Independence Boulevard and Vasile Conta Street, creating a large urban triangle with Union and Mihai Eminescu Squares. The redevelopment solution was created and presented in detail considering site features, using practical functional and urban composition research. The aim of this proposal was to meet such current goals as creating a comfortable urban environment for relaxation, socialization, and contemplation but also raising the quality of daily life and free-time spending in a pollution-free environment. The suggested concept tried to create a unitary and multifunctional space covered by a set of landscaping effects that harmoniously integrate the area into the urban tissue of Iasi.
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Using the principles of therapeutic gardens in the proposed redevelopment of the green space of the ”prof. dr. Nicolae Oblu” hospital in Iasi
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Grecu, Codrina; Cojocariu, Mirela; Balan, Clara-Teodora; Dascălu, Doina-Mira
The paper presents a study on therapeutic gardens with an example of applying their composition rules within a landscaping project proposal for the green space of the Hospital "Prof. Dr. Nicolae Oblu" in Iasi. These therapeutic gardens have been used over the years as specially landscaped outdoor spaces near hospitals or in the inner courtyards of various rehabilitation or treatment centers. These gardens' design and construction principles help improve and heal patients' ailments more quickly and contribute to the well-being of all institution staff and visitors. The same rules and principles underlie the garden design concept of the Iasi Clinical Neurological Hospital, which, through this redesign proposal, has been given the possible status of a public garden with a warm and welcoming atmosphere, which also meets the criteria specific to therapeutic gardens.
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Research on the species of hexapodes existing in potato crops
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Butnarașu, Ioan-Paul; Tălmaciu, Mihai; Tălmaciu, Nela; Herea, Monica
To collect the material, were used Barber soil traps of the wet type, in which a 20% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution was placed. There were used 3 variants, each with 6 repetitions, as follows:V1, in which treatments were applied against pests, with products approved for organic agriculture; V2, in which treatments were applied against pathogens and pests in conventional agriculture; V3, in which no pest control treatment was applied. Collections of the captured material were made during the months of June, July and the first decade of August. The insect species collected belong to the following orders: Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Homoptera, Heteroptera, etc.
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Landscape design process of a private events venue garden in Iasi county, Romania
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Hangan Istrate, Ana-Maria-Roxana; Cojocariu, Mirela; Grecu, Codrina; Stoleru, Vasile
Due to urban acceleration and current social and economic development, gardens have begun to receive increased attention from society. Just as therapeutic gardens can be designed for hospitals or green relaxation spaces for employees, gardens can also be designed for event locations. Private event venues have begun to pay more attention to green space around buildings to provide attendees with green areas to relax and socialize. More and more event locations are located on the city's outskirts, thus offering the opportunity to create perspectives with natural views. In the present work, it was desired to design a private garden for events with multiple purposes (civil weddings, christening parties, marriage parties, corporate parties, etc.), in the Iasi city, Romania, on the shores of Lake Ciric II. The design style adopted had sinuous forms and minimal intervention on the existing tree vegetation. The proposed vegetation was represented by deciduous trees that will provide decoration through shape and color and by shrubs grouped in compositions that will provide decoration in all seasons.
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Preliminary Results Regarding the Behavior of Some Camassia Species in Iaşi Ecological Conditions (Northeastern Romania)
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Ozarchevici, Alina-Ștefana; Apostol, Maria; Chiruță, Ciprian; Draghia, Lucia
Camassia genus (Asparagaceae family) includes bulbous herbaceous plants native to North America where they have been cultivated for over 7000 years, especially for food purposes. In this paper, the behavior of two species of Camassia (C. quamash and C. leichtlinii), cultivated in the experimental field of University of Life Sciences of Iasi, Romania, was evaluated. The data obtained in the period 2021-2022 indicate the appropriate adaptation of the two Camassia taxa in the ecological conditions of Iași. A greater vigor of the C. leichtlinii plants was evident, respectively taller flower stems, with longer inflorescences, larger and numerous flowers. The correlations between the different morphological characters highlighted the existence of the positive correlation in most cases, stronger being between the height of the stems and the length of the inflorescences, and between the length of the inflorescences and the number of flowers/ stem. Negative correlations in both species were recorded between the number of flower stems/ plant and the number of flowers/ stem. From the phenological point of view, the initiation of vegetation and the appearance of flower stalks took place approximately simultaneously, instead, flowering was about 14 days earlier in C. quamash.
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Intensification of the photodegradation efficiency of an emergent water pollutant through process conditions optimization by means of response surface methodology
(Elsevier, 2022-12-13) Favier, Lidia; Simion, Andrei-Ionuț; Hlihor, Raluca-Maria; Fekete Kertesz, Ildiko; Molnar, Monika; Harja, Maria; Vial, Christophe
Heterogeneous photocatalysis has been increasingly investigated during the past years and has been recognized as a promising technique for clean and safe water purification. The current study exploits the advantage of this technique demonstrating that the removal of a biorefractory water pollutant named clofibric acid can be really improved by photocatalysis through a parametric comprehensive investigation and optimization study based on response surface methodology. Its novelty comes from the approach used to enhance the efficiency of the photocatalytic degradation of clofibric acid. A custom central composite design consisting of 49 trials was applied for process modeling and a quadratic robust model was derived based on the analysis of variance for the optimization of the process parameters. The effective removal of the target molecule with about 70% carbon mineralization was achieved under optimal photocatalytic conditions: 1.5 mg/L as the initial concentration of pollutant, 0.61 g/L catalyst, and an irradiation time of 190 min. Further, it was provided that nitrates play a positive role in the removal of this pollutant, while hydrogenocarbonates slow down its elimination. The ecotoxicity evaluation at different trophic levels confirmed the low toxicity of photodegradation by-products. Data analysis demonstrated that response surface methodology is a reliable approach for the optimization of the interactive effects of photocatalytic process parameters and is able to enhance their performance for the complete elimination of this hardly removed water pollutant.
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Enhancing the nutritional value of sweet pepper through sustainable fertilization management
(Frontiers Media, 2023-11-29) Stoleru, Vasile; Mangalagiu, Ionel I.; Amăriucăi Mantu, Dorina; Teliban, Gabriel-Ciprian; Cojocaru, Alexandru; Rusu, Oana-Raluca; Burducea, Marian; Mihalache, Gabriela; Roșca, Mihaela; Caruso, Gianluca; Sekara, Agnieszka; Jităreanu, Gerard
Introduction: The need for healthy foods has become a major concern in our modern world, as the global population continues to grow and environmental challenges intensify. In response to these challenges, researchers have started to explore a range of sustainable solutions, including organic farming practices, precision agriculture, and the development and testing of innovative biofertilizers. Consistent with these ideas come the aim of this study, which sets out to give new insights into the cultivation of two sweet pepper cultivars with economic and nutritional importance in Romania. Methods: Two sweet pepper cultivars (Blancina and Brillant), chemically (Nutrifine®), organically (Orgevit®) and biologically (Micoseed®) fertilized were cultivated over the course of two years (2019 and 2020), between April and October, in high-tunnel, by following a split-plot design with three replications. Production parameters (number of fruits, fruit weight, yield), proximate composition (water content, dry matter, total soluble solids, acidity, ash), the content of phytonutrients (polyphenols, lycopene, β-carotene, antioxidant activity), phytochemical composition (phenolic compounds) and minerals (macro- and micro-elements) were analyzed in order to determine the impact of fertilization on the quality of sweet peppers. Results: The results showed that the biological and organic fertilizations had a significant positive impact on most of the parameters analyzed, starting with yield and continuing with acidity, phytonutrient content (total phenolic content, lycopene, β-carotene), antioxidant activity and phytochemical composition (chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, quercetin and isoquercetin). Only in the case of mineral content, the chemical treatment gave better results compared with the organic and biological fertilizers. Conclusion: Overall, this study provides valuable information on the potential of organic and biological fertilizers to enhance the nutritional value of sweet peppers from Blancina F1 and Brillant F1 cultivars, paving the way for subsequent research aimed at achieving superior quality and increased yields.
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Biosorption of Hexavalent Chromium by Bacillus megaterium and Rhodotorula sp. Inactivated Biomass
(MDPI, 2023-01-06) Roșca, Mihaela; Silva, Bruna; Tavares, Teresa; Gavrilescu, Maria
Due to the adverse effects of hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) on human health and the quality of the environment, the scientific community has invested a lot of effort to solve this pollution problem. Thus, implementing sustainable alternatives for Cr6+ elimination by exploiting the capacity of microbial biomass to retain heavy metals by biosorption is considered an economic and eco-friendly solution, compared to the conventional physico-chemical processes. However, the ability of microorganisms to remove Cr6+ from liquid effluents can strongly be affected by biotic and abiotic factors. With these issues in mind, the main purpose of this paper was to investigate Cr6+ biosorption on Bacillus megaterium and Rhodotorula sp. biomass inactivated by thermal treatments, exploring the effects of some factors such as: pH, biosorbent dose, initial concentration of the metal in solution, temperature and contact time between the biosorbent and the metal ions on process effectiveness. The results showed that Cr6+ removal by biosorption on the selected microorganisms was strongly influenced by the pH of the solution which contains chromium, the reduction being the principal mechanism involved in hexavalent chromium biosorption. Equilibrium and kinetic studies were also performed, together with SEM-EDX and FTIR spectra, to explain the mechanisms of the biosorption process on the selected biomasses. Maximum uptake capacities of 34.80 mg/g biosorbent and 47.70 mg/g biosorbent were achieved by Bacillus megaterium and Rhodotorula sp., respectively, at pH 1, biosorbent dosage of 8 g/L, 25 °C, after a contact time of 48 h and an initial Cr6+ concentration in solution of 402.52 mg/L. The experimental results showed that Cr6+ biosorption by selected microorganisms followed the Elovich model, the values of the correlation coefficients being 0.9868 and 0.9887, respectively. The Freundlich isotherm model best describes the Cr6+ biosorption by Bacillus megaterium and Rhodotorula sp., indicating that a multilayer biosorption mainly controls the process and is conducted on heterogeneous surfaces with uniformly distributed energy.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Comparative Analysis of Three WEEE Management Scenarios Based on LCA Methodology: Case Study in the Municipality of Iasi, Romania
(MDPI, 2023-04-23) Ghiga, Simona-Cecilia; Simion, Isabela-Maria; Filote, Cătălina; Roșca, Mihaela; Hlihor, Raluca-Maria; Gavrilescu, Maria
The increasing consumption of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), correlated with the fast innovation pace in this field, generates a large amount of annual waste. The current established management practices cannot keep up with it, and the results are of increased significance given the negative effects on the environment and human health. Thus, the current study aimed to analyze the environmental impact of three different scenarios of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) management, following population awareness campaigns regarding its collection in the Municipality of Iasi, Romania. Data processing was carried out considering Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology with the established functional unit for each scenario according to the collected amount. The results were quantified using the CML2001 and ReCiPe methods and showed that the highest environmental impact was obtained for scenario II (S2) (1.59 × 10−7 pers. equiv. using the CML2001 method and 32.7 pers. equiv. using the ReCiPe method), while the lowest for scenario I (S1) (6.42 × 10−8 pers. equiv. using the CML2001 method and 13.8 pers. equiv. using the ReCiPe method). The process with the highest contribution to the total environmental impact was the collection stage for all scenarios, with the exception of scenario S2, in which case the highest value was generated for the landfill process following the application of the ReCiPe method (39.93%). The current study provides value to a critical issue in the environmental area and supports the development of sustainable WEEE management processes.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Microbial Bioremediation of Environmental Pollution
(MDPI, 2023-05-18) Hlihor, Raluca-Maria; Cozma, Petronela
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Future Antimicrobials: Natural and Functionalized Phenolics
(MDPI, 2023-01-22) Lobiuc, Andrei; Pavăl, Naomi-Eunicia; Mangalagiu, Ionel I.; Gheorghiță, Roxana; Teliban, Gabriel-Ciprian; Amăriucăi Mantu, Dorina; Stoleru, Vasile
With incidence of antimicrobial resistance rising globally, there is a continuous need for development of new antimicrobial molecules. Phenolic compounds having a versatile scaffold that allows for a broad range of chemical additions; they also exhibit potent antimicrobial activities which can be enhanced significantly through functionalization. Synthetic routes such as esterification, phosphorylation, hydroxylation or enzymatic conjugation may increase the antimicrobial activity of compounds and reduce minimal concentrations needed. With potent action mechanisms interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis, DNA replication or enzyme production, phenolics can target multiple sites in bacteria, leading to a much higher sensitivity of cells towards these natural compounds. The current review summarizes some of the most important knowledge on functionalization of natural phenolic compounds and the effects on their antimicrobial activity.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Simulation of Rainfall Erosivity Dynamics in Romania under Climate Change Scenarios
(MDPI, 2023-01-12) Patriche, Cristian-Valeriu; Roșca, Bogdan; Pîrnău, Radu-Gabriel; Vasiliniuc, Ionuț; Irimia, Liviu-Mihai
Soil erosion is triggered by rainfall through the detachment of soil particles and their transport downslope, playing a key role in soil erosion models. Together with the vegetation cover, rainfall is a temporal dynamic factor, inducing corresponding time variations of erosion rates. Under current climate change, rainfall is also changing its characteristics and our study aimed to reveal whether these changes will significantly affect rainfall erosivity in Romania, and implicitly the soil erosion. To achieve this purpose, we developed a statistical non-parametric model for predicting rainfall erosivity on the basis on the modified Fournier index and applied it to future precipitation evolution scenarios. The precipitation data were extracted from the CHESLA database for the Romanian territory for two climate change contrasting scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5). Average predictions from five selected climate models were used in order to minimize prediction uncertainty. The results show that rainfall erosivity is likely to increase, at least during the 2041–2060 period, especially in the south-western, western and eastern part of the country, which may cause a corresponding increase in soil erosion rates, with an average of 1–2 t ha−1 yr−1. During the 2061–2080 period, rainfall erosivity is likely to decrease in central and eastern Romania.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Pyridazinic Bioisosteres with Potential Applications in Medicinal Chemistry and Agriculture
(MDPI, 2023-08-01) Tucaliuc, Roxana-Angela; Mangalagiu, Violeta; Mangalagiu, Ionel I.
Bioisosteres are substituents or groups (atoms, ions, or molecules) with similar chemical or physical properties, and which usually have similar biological properties. Pyridazine and its derivatives are invaluable scaffolds in medicinal chemistry, having a large variety of activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, antituberculosis, antihypertensive, etc. Also, the pyridazine core is of high interest in agriculture, being used as a growth factor for plants, herbicides, etc. This study aims to review our previous contributions related to antimicrobials and the germination and seedling capabilities of some seeds and plants of some pyridazine classical and nonclassical bioisosteres. So, we present herein the synthesis (under conventional thermal heating and microwave irradiation) and spectral characterization of seven series of pyridazine bioisosteres, the in vitro antimicrobial activity (against different strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi), and the biologic effect on wheat germination and seedling growth. Some pyridazine bioisosteres proved to have very good activity against pathogenic bacterial strains, with some spectacular results. Overall, nonclassical bioisosteres prove to have better antibacterial and antifungal activity compared with classical bioisosteres. The pyridazine bioisosteres may influence the wheat germination rate, seedling growth, height, and weight of the plantlets. Feasible explanations for this behaviour were furnished.

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