2023

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/3643

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Effects of non-thermal plasma activated water and low temperature on wheat sprouts: a focus on photosynthetic pigments, protein and phenolic contents, antioxidant activity, antioxidant and prooxidant enzymes activity
(Romanian Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022) Mandici, Alexandru; Roșu, Crăița-Maria; Crețu, Daniel-Eusebiu; Burlică, Radu; Astanei, Dragoș; Beniuga, Oana; Țopa, Denis-Constantin; Aostăcioaei, Tudor-George; Miron, Anca
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of non-thermal plasma activated water (PAW) in combination with low temperature (15°C) on the biosynthetic potential, antioxidant activity and enzymes activity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Glosa) sprouts. The exposure to three different types of PAW (PAW1, PAW2 or PAW3) and low temperature (15°C) had positive influence on wheat sprouts. Content in proteins and photosynthetic pigments and activity of superoxide dismutase increased in wheat sprouts at day 3 and shoots at day 8. Peroxidase was stimulated in wheat sprouts (day 3) while catalase activation was detected in shoots (day 8). Polyphenol oxidase, responsible for enzymatic browning, was inhibited in shoots at day 8. PAW1 boosted free phenolic content in shoots at day 8. An increment in the antioxidant activity of bound phenolic fraction of shoots (day 8) under treatment with PAW1 was also detected. Overall, non-thermal PAW in combination with low temperature (15°C) is an efficient approach to enhance the quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Glosa) sprouts.
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Real-time feedback and education: management key to reducing contamination in home recycling waste
("Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, 2023) Jităreanu, Andy-Felix; Ignat, Gabriela; Mihăilă Borza, Mioara; Costuleanu, Carmen-Luiza
Waste recycling has evolved into an essential component of sustainable living, with the goal of reducing the strain on landfills and preserving our planet's resources. However, fractional contamination is a constant issue that impedes the efficacy of recycling activities. When different types of waste materials are poorly combined, it becomes difficult to separate and recycle them efficiently. In the present study, we aimed the degree of awareness and improvement of the selective sorting of some factions of household waste, through minimal, indirect video monitoring and feedback, in three areas, two urban and one rural, from the city and county of Iasi. These areas are different at least from the point of view of the degree of general education. Our obtained data undoubtedly demonstrate that a minimum and non-specific monitorization, together with almost instant feedback, induced a dramatic change in the behavior of residents, even those less educated in terms of waste recycling. The fractions contamination was drastically reduced in all areas, but extremely evident in rural areas. Thus, the results emphasize the necessity of waste management education (awareness) and the need for proactive efforts to combat fractions contamination.
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On a special symmetry in the dynamics of complex systems in a holographic-type perspective
(University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 2023) Agop, Ștefana; Păun, Maria-Alexandra; Dumitraș, Cătălin; Frăsilă, Mihail; Păun, Vladimir-Alexandru; Agop, Maricel; Păun, Viorel-Puiu; Ștefan, Gavril
By operating with the Scale Relativity Theory in the dynamics of complex systems, we can achieve a description of these complex systems through a holographic-type perspective. Then, gauge invariances of a Riccati-type become functional in complex system dynamics, which implies several consequences: conservation laws (in particular, for classical dynamics, the kinetic momentum conservation law), simultaneity and synchronization between the structural units (of a complex system) dynamics, and temporal patterns through harmonic mappings.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The acidity in the must of the feteasca alba variety, in relation to fertilization and the content of macroelements in the plant
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Paraschiv, Luminița-Nicoleta; Răus, Lucian; Bolohan, Diana-Elena; Chelariu, Elena-Liliana; Avarvarei, Bogdan-Vlad; Volf, Mariana
The research focused on the analysis of the impact of these macroelements, used in different doses and ratios, on the accumulations in the plant and on the production quality, respectively on the varied acidity of Fetească albă must. The analysed Fetească albă variety is one of the predominant varieties of the Sorogari wine-growing center, belonging to the Iasi vineyard. The soils of the area under study are part of the group of anthropogenic soils, such as cambic cherno-zones, forest ash and regosols, with uneven fertility. Values of the content in the plant of 2. 2% N, 0. 83% P, 0.883 K as well as acidity values of 5.27 g/l H2SO4, by applying fertilizers in the minimum necessary doses, certify that they can be at the level statistical assurances It can be stated that the use of doses of fertilizers according to the criterion of sufficiency, in the analysed agro-eco-pedological context, ensures that the optimal experimental doses, optimal contents in the plant of macronutrients and implicitly, the nutrition environment is protected from pollution.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Research regarding the influence of organic selenium on the imune response in swine
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Tașbac, Bogdan-Alexandru; Burinaru, Tiberiu; Zagrai, Gavrilă; Murariu, Otilia-Cristina
Currently, immunomodulation is an alternative in the fight against many diseases, being considered a possibility to fight against many infectious diseases that can affect pig herds. Selenium can be used for this purpose, the effect of its administration on the immune response being the main purpose of the present study. Following the administration of organic selenium, we found that in the case of WBC parameters, granulocytes and agranulocytes percentages and lymphoblastic transformation percentages of B lymphocytes, there are no major differences between the values recorded at the beginning of the experiment and the values recorded in the two experimental moments. Instead, following the administration of organic selenium, we observed significant increases in T lymphocytes percentages (by 9.94%, after 21 days, and respectively by 8.18%, after 30 days), percentages of lymphoblastic transformation of T lymphocytes (by 59.59% after 21 days, and respectively by 64.14% after 30 days), as well as the helper T lymphocytes/ supressor T lymphocytes ratio (by 46.15% after 21 days, and respectively by 65.38% after 30 days). Regarding the percentage of B lymphocytes, a decrease of this parameter is observed by 38.34% after 21 days and by 21.84% after 30 days following the administration of the product based on organic selenium.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Osmosis between human capital and development and its impact on the 21st century economy - a review
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Bolohan, Roxana-Mihaela; Ștefan, Gavril
In the knowledge-based economy of the 21stcentury, educated human resources are seen as a capital asset invested in the entity, and human capital theory seeks to explain, from an economic perspective, the phenomena arising from this process. The development of education and scientific spheres requires huge long-term investments, which must be analyzed from a social approach. Neither evaluation experience nor the methods applied provide a clear-cut solution, so evaluating an investment in human capital is a complex problem from both a practical and a scientific point of view. This research started from the hypothesis that investing in human capital will provide competitive advantage and sustainability in the complex world of the economic environment, reviewing the theory and evidence on the economics of human capital. Triangulation was chosen as a research method being considered the most adequate for the expected results and additionally because it allows to identify the most relevant aspects of this field that endorsed the proposed hypothesis. The main conclusion and results are that the emphasis has been placed on human capital just at the personal level, rather than at the level of unity and organization. Furthermore, research into the channels that have a causal effect on development has revealed that education is considered an instrument of developing human capital that promotes direct economic growth. Data analysis demonstrates that the theory of human capital is a convincing explanation for economic growth. In addition, the findings of the research have shown that the debate over equality vs. efficiency in economic development is centred on the human capital dimension.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Studies on the correlation between exploited areas along crop structure and the main economic-financial indicators
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Jităreanu, Andy-Felix; Mihăilă Borza, Mioara; Robu, Alexandru-Dragoș
The present paper addresses a topical issue for the agricultural production sector and it is based on an economic-financial indicators analysis for a series of 17 main agricultural crops. The practical research was carried out with information and data for 10 agricultural holdings in Iași County. They operate in the vegetable production sector and have a solid commercial representation on the national market. The main indicators used in the study are: crops and shared areas for each of the 10 analyzed units, considering the relevance of crops for the national economy and economic-financial indicators relevant for the design of the production activity: turnover, profit, employes number. The reference year for which the research was carried out is 2021. The work methodology mainly uses quantitative methods and descriptive analysis, with the processing and interpretation of data that have been organized in a design configured according to the specifics of the paper. In addition, qualitative information collected through interviews is used. The results of the paper indicate the relevance of basic agricultural crops for the performance of large enterprises.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Research on the influence of distance between rows and fertilization on some morphoproductive elements in Bromus inermis Leyss. Species
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Vacarciuc, Elena-Manuela; Gavrilă, Cristian-Sorin; Stavarache, Mihai; Acatrinei Dumitriu, Simona; Puiu, Ioan; Samuil, Costel
The research conducted during the period 2021-2022, at the Research and Development Station for Meadows, Vaslui (46°40'-36°10' north latitude and 27°44'-20°40' east longitude) followed the influence of fertilization and the distance between rows on the plants height (cm), shoots number (shoots·m-2), panicle length (cm), number of nodes per inflorescence, number of branches per inflorescence and seed production (kg·ha-1) for smooth brome (Bromus inermis Leyss.). The organized experience was bifactorial, 3 x 5 type, it was placed according to the method of subdivided plots, with the plot harvestable area of 20 m2 (2 m x 10 m), in three replications, and the studied factors were: A - the distance between rows with three graduations and B - fertilization with five graduations. Following the study, it was found that by applying mineral fertilizers and by sowing at bigger distances between rows higher plants were obtained, with a higher number of shoots·m2, also the panicle length, the number of nodes per inflorescence and number of branches per inflorescence and seed production were higher.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The influence of the applied management on the phytodiversity of a Festuca valesiaca Schleich. ex Gaudin permanent meadow
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Nazare, Adrian-Ilie; Stavarache, Mihai; Samuil, Costel; Sîrbu, Culiță; Vîntu, Vasile
The problem of diversity has reached the top of current concerns, because modern agriculture has recently been focused on the development of methods and procedures that allow the administration of a relatively small number of species, with the aim of immediate economic interest. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the applied management on the phytodiversity of a Festuca valesiaca permanent meadow in the Moldovian forest-steppe. The experimental factor was: fertilization with seven graduations: V1- unfertilized (control), V2- N50P50 kg/ha annually, V3- N75P75 kg/ha annually, V4- N100P100 kg/ha annually, V5-10 t/ha sheep manure annually, V6-20 t/ha annually and V7-30 t/ha annually sheep manure applied at two years. The applied fertilizers influenced the floristic composition, producing, quantitative and qualitative changes in the vegetal cover. The dominance and frequency of the species, as well as the variation of the Shannon diversity index, were largely influenced by the amount of mineral N, the amount of manure, but also by the number of years of the fertilization period.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
A preliminary investigation into the enhancement of cheese with grape skin powder
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Rațu, Roxana-Nicoleta; Stoica, Florina; Usturoi, Marius-Giorgi; Veleșcu, Ionuț-Dumitru; Arsenoaia, Vlad-Nicolae; Cârlescu, Petru-Marian; Postolache, Alina-Narcisa
Improving management and making the food industry more sustainable requires a focus on reducing waste and finding uses for by-products. In the case of grapes, by-products account for approximately 20%. It is worth noting that these by-products contain beneficial phenolic compounds that have anti-allergenic, antibacterial, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective effects. For these reasons, the food industry sector must turn its attention to them and use them as functional ingredients. In this study, grape skin powder (GSP) was added to cheese to increase its antioxidant and bioactive compounds content. The enriched cheese contained significantly higher levels of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity compared to the control sample. Adding 2% grape skin powder resulted in an increase of 1.927 mg GAE/g DW (mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per gram of dry weight (DW)) of TPC in cheese formulation. The GSP-supplemented cheese also showed greater antioxidant activity than the control. This study demonstrates that grape by-products can effectively transfer beneficial compounds to cheese.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Apple trees fertilization and its influence on the potassium content in soil and plants in correlation with calcium and magnesium absortion
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Buchares, 2023) Bolohan, Diana-Elena; Volf, Mariana; Chelariu, Elena-Liliana; Răus, Lucian
The paper presents how the soil fertilization with NPK in different doses and combined with two types of foliar fertilizers, applied to an apple tree orchard, changes the potassium content in soil and leaves. For a better understanding of the results, chemical analysis of the leaves and of the soil at two depths: 0-20cm and 20-40cm were chemically performed. The study was carried out in an apple orchard, located in the Didactic Farm “V. Adamachi" that belongs to the University of Life Sciences from Iasi (IULS), Romania. Results shows that fertilizers applied in the soil had a positive influence, increasing the soil content of potassium closer to the optimal range: 200-300 ppm. However, the content of potassium in the apple tree leaves stays low and below the optimum condition. The control (no fertilizers applied) had the lowest content for Kt (0.99%) in the leaves. Studying the content of calcium (mean – .65%) and magnesium (mean - 0.74%) in the dry matter of the leaves we see that there are not significant differences between the fertilization variants. Their values exceed the optimal limits.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Study of the water regime of some cherry varieties in the north-eastern conditions of Romania
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Mineață, Iulia; Golache, Iuliana-Elena; Sîrbu, Sorina; Slabu, Cristina; Perju, Ionel; Ostaci, Ștefănica; Jităreanu, Carmenica-Doina
The soil and climate conditions in the North-East area of Romania are considered suitable for sweet cherry cultivation, but sometimes problems may arise due to the intensification of global climate changes, mainly in terms of the water component. This study was conducted during the year 2022 using three sweet cherry tree cultivars as biological material: 'Van’, 'Andreiaș’ and 'Margonia’ from Research Station for Fruit Growing (RSFG) Iași. The aim of this research was to evaluate physiological aspects of the water regime of the sweet cherry tree by determining the rate of dehydration, water content as well as the stomatal conductance of the leaves from different levels of the trees. Physiological determinations were carried out in three different phenological stages according to Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemical Industry (BBCH) scale: full flowering (BBCH 65), fruit growth (BBCH 75), and fruit ripening (BBCH 89) and were correlated with the registered climate data.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Estimation of chlorophyll content and determination of chlorophyll fluorescence in bitter cucumber (momordica charantia l.) leaves under saline stress conditions
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Ostaci, Ștefănica; Covașă, Mihaela; Slabu, Cristina; Marta, Alina-Elena; Jităreanu, Carmenica-Doina
It has been scientifically proven that one of the physiological processes most affected by salt stress is photosynthesis. In this context, it is important to identify the main mechanisms involved in increasing plant tolerance to salt stress. The photosynthetic intensity is directly related to the productive capacity of plant species, thus increasing the tolerance of plants to saline stress is a priority. The chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence were studied in two varieties (Rodeo and Brâncuși) and three lines (Line 1, Line 3 and Line 4) of bitter cucumber (Momordica charantia), subjected to salt stress. Following the determinations, a higher concentration of chlorophyll was estimated in the control plants of the Brâncuși variety and Line 4, in contrast to the Rodeo variety, Line 3 and Line 1. In the case of this variety and the two lines, the plants treated with the highest concentration of saline solution prepared by using sodium chloride (NaCl) (200 mM) shows a higher concentration of total chlorophyll content. During the treatments, the fluorescence was higher in the treated plants compared to the control plants.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Influence of different agricultural management practices on soil microbiome
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Gafencu, Andrei-Mihai; Florea, Andreea-Mihaela; Lipșa, Florin-Daniel; Ulea, Eugen
Microbiomes are the collection of all microbial inhabitants of a given system. At the level of the soil, the microbiome includes four major groups of microorganisms: bacteria, fungi, archaea, and protozoa, as they are the main organisms for essential soil processes such as nutrient cycling, decomposition of organic matter, and plant growth promotion. A healthy soil microbiome is essential for sustainable agriculture and the overall health of terrestrial ecosystems. Some agricultural management practices, i.e. irrigation, can have a significant impact on the soil microbiome. The quality and quantity of irrigation water can affect the abundance and diversity of microorganisms in the soil. For example, excess irrigation can lead to waterlogging, which can create anaerobic conditions that favour the growth of certain types of bacteria. On the other hand, irrigation water in the right amounts can have a positive impact on the soil microbiome and promote plant growth. To test this hypothesis in the agricultural year 2022, a research was carried out on maize and soybean grown under irrigated conditions, to analyse the variations of microbial density during the vegetation period.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Influence of crop species on soil microbial abundance and diversity
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Gafencu, Andrei-Mihai; Florea, Andreea-Mihaela; Lipșa, Florin-Daniel; Ulea, Eugen
Agricultural crop species can influence the soil microbial population through the influence of root exudates, which compounds released by plant roots into the soil. Some crop species exude compounds that are more beneficial for certain groups of microbes, while others exude compounds that inhibit the growth of certain groups. Additionally, different crop species have different root systems, which can affect the physical structure of the soil and the availability of water and nutrients, which in turn can influence the soil microbial population. Moreover, crop species can also influence the soil microbial population by changing the soil pH and the level of organic matter. Crop species that produce large amounts of biomass can increase the amount of organic matter in the soil, which can support a greater diversity of microorganisms. Maize and soybean are some of the most important agricultural crop globally. Both corn and soybean are important crop species for the global food system and also for the economy of many countries, including Romania. A study was conducted to determine the composition of the soil microbial community in the rhizosphere of maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.) at different phenological stages and to determine whether the two crops influence the microbiological abundance and diversity in the soil.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Smoking Temperature Characteristics and Influence of Quality Indicators on Phytophagus Fillet (Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix)
(University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2023) Gucianu, Ioana; Anchidin, Bianca-Georgiana; Manoliu, Diana-Remina; Ciobotaru, Mihai-Cătălin; Boișteanu, Paul-Corneliu; Postolache, Alina-Narcisa; Ciobanu, Marius-Mihai
The evolution of modern technologies for preserving fish and fish products has led to the eclipse of the preservation properties of many traditional methods, including the smoking method. Nowadays, the main purpose of smoking has been redirected towards highlighting the sensory quality rather than its preserving effect. The main aim of this paper is to highlight the physicochemical, sensory, and color characteristics of smoked phytophagous fillets. To produce the necessary products, nine specimens of phytophagous (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) were harvested from the fish farm "Piscicola Vlădeni, CC&C PES SRL" Iasi, which were processed and prepared in the Microproduction Workshops of the Iasi University for Life Sciences "Ion Ionescu de la Brad". Three different smoking methods were applied to the fillets resulting from the phytophagous processing; hot smoking, semi-hot smoking, and cold smoking. From a physicochemical point of view, in the case of the batch with hot smoking quantity, a lipid content of 1.76±0.024% was recorded, higher compared to the L2ASC (0.94±0.04%) and L3AR (0.86±0.024%) batches. As regards protein content, the highest value was also found in lot L1AC (22.2±0.083%), followed by lot L2ASC (22.18±0.02%), with the lowest value in lot L3AR (21.96±0.024%). The most appreciated fillets were those processed by heat treatment with semi-warm and warm smoking.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Sensorial Characterization of Mutton Products in Membrane Made in the Meat Processing Workshop of USV Iasi
(Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agronomice si Medicina Veterinara - Bucureşti, 2023) Ciobanu, Marius-Mihai; Manoliu, Diana-Remina; Ciobotaru, Mihai-Cătălin; Flocea, Elena-Iuliana; Anchidin, Bianca-Georgiana; Postolache, Alina-Narcisa; Boișteanu, Paul-Corneliu
The paper aimed to produce four different types of sheep meat products with heterogeneous structures in the meat processing workshop of the University of Life Sciences Iasi, which presented as variation factors the type of membrane and the type of product (salami/sausage, imprinted by the membrane used). Two varieties of salami (in collagen and polyamide membrane) and two varieties of sausages (in natural pork and sheep membrane) served as the four samples. The four samples obtained were subjected to sensory analysis, carried out in two stages: the first stage consisted of assessing the products based on the main sensory attributes (appearance, aroma, taste, texture, overall acceptability), and the second stage aimed at describing the products using specific sensory terms included in the CATA (Check-All-That-Apply) test from the perspective of consumer perception. The results obtained revealed sensory attributes characteristic of membrane products with heterogeneous structure, with the CATA test describing the products through positive attributes (colour, aroma, texture), with the differentiation of a firmer, harder texture in the case of natural membrane products, superior juiciness in the case of the S3MC sample, and a slightly brittle texture in the S4MP sample. In terms of the results of the hedonic scale, the sausage samples received a higher score for section appearance (7.91 ± 0.831 for C1MP and 8.00 ± 0.775 for C2MO), compared to the salami samples (7.73 ± 1.104 for S3MC and 7.18 ± 1.168 for S4MP). The overall acceptability was highest for C1MP, which received 8.36 ± 0.674 points, being followed in descending order by C2MO (8.55 ± 0.688), S3MC (8.18 ± 0.751) and S4MP (7.45 ± 0.522).
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A comprehensive review on bioactive compounds, health benefits, and potential food applications of onion (Allium cepa L.) skin waste
(Elsevier, 2023-09-23) Stoica, Florina; Rațu, Roxana-Nicoleta; Veleșcu, Ionuț-Dumitru; Stănciuc, Nicoleta; Râpeanu, Gabriela
Background By-products of agricultural waste are now utilized in the food industry rather than being thrown away. Onion is a spicy vegetable that is an everyday ingredient in most residential kitchens for its unique flavor and is used extensively over the world for therapeutic purposes. Onions produce a lot of waste due to their widespread production and use around the world, which has inspired new studies with potential approaches for reusing these by-products. Scope and approach This review aims to draw attention to the significant advances made in the identification of onion by-products as valuable sources of bioactive compounds, the techniques used to extract these bioactives, the potential health benefits of onion by-products, and the exploration of their potential diverse applications in a circular bioeconomy perspective. Key findings and conclusions This paper contains information regarding the phytochemical composition, extraction methods, therapeutic properties, food and industrial applications of onion by-products. The current study has shown that onion waste is a rich source of nutrients and phytochemicals with bioactive properties that are beneficial to human health. The skins of onions are a valuable source of bioactives like flavonoids, phenolic acids, fructooligosaccharides, organosulfur compounds, and phenolic glycosides. Numerous health advantages of these compounds, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer capabilities, have been demonstrated. This review can be used as a starting point to investigate potential applications for bioactives onion skins in the functional food industry. It also suggests that further study may help to maximize the use of this resource.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The development of value-added yogurt based on pumpkin peel powder as a bioactive powder
(Elsevier, 2024-03-16) Rațu, Roxana-Nicoleta; Cârlescu, Petru-Marian; Veleșcu, Ionuț-Dumitru; Arsenoaia, Vlad-Nicolae; Stoica, Florina; Stănciuc, Nicoleta; Aprodu, Iuliana; Constantin, Oana-Emilia; Râpeanu, Gabriela
This study aimed to explore the utilization of pumpkin by-products as a bioactive powder in the development of value-added yogurt. Pumpkin peel resulting from food processing contains antioxidant components like phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids, compounds characterized by high bioactivity. This study investigated the potential of incorporating pumpkin peel powder (PPP) into yogurt to enhance its nutritional value and sensory attributes. Results indicated that the incorporation of PPP into yogurt resulted in improvements in nutritional composition, particularly in terms of β-carotene and bioactive compounds. Additionally, the addition of PPP positively influenced the textural properties of the yogurt. The sensory evaluation revealed that the incorporation of pumpkin peel had no negative impact on the overall acceptability of the yogurt, with some samples (YPP2) even exhibiting preferred sensory characteristics compared to the control. The utilization of PPP as a bioactive powder in yogurt presents a promising strategy for reducing food waste and creating innovative, value-added dairy products. The development of such products can not only contribute to sustainable food production but also provide consumers with more diverse food choices with enhanced characteristics.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Comparative Studies of Thermal Conductivity Determination in Synthetic Wood with RecyclableWaste Content Using an Experimental Design Approach
(MDPI, 2023-10-31) Judele, Loredana; Proaspăt, Eduard; Teodorescu, Răzvan-Ionuț; Lepădatu, Daniel; Bucur, Daniel
Waste has become an everyday subject, especially its efficient recycling due to the increasing decline in the planet’s primary resources. Therefore, their recovery is intended to be total and with minimal energy consumption. Biomass waste is fully recoverable in raw or processed states and in combination with other compatible waste types (including wastewater from construction, polymers, and sunflower seeds). It represents the basic elements for obtaining synthetic wood to replace natural wood, which is very expensive and difficult to obtain (lasts for several years). This paper proposes three methods to determine the thermal conductivity of these new materials (synthetic wood) to guarantee and optimise their thermal characteristics. The determination of thermal characteristics in insulating materials is usually performed experimentally in a double climate chamber or more simply using a special instrument of the ISOMET type, but under these conditions, the sample must meet certain conditions imposed by the manufacturer to be tested. Thus, two experimental investigation methods are used to which a numerical method is added, which consists of modelling by the finite element method with an adequate programme of heat transfer through these materials. Four samples with variable content of recyclable waste obtained through combinations resulting from six different experimental design plans with two controlled factors were analysed to optimise synthetic wood recipes for the efficiency of their hygro-thermal characteristics. The content of the tested samples varied relative to the quantity and number of recyclable wastes included in the final recipe. Thus, the thermal conductivity obtained was different for each sample but close to that of similar synthetic wood-type materials and natural wood.

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