2008

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/2374

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Spreading of pests and diseases in Moldavia, in the crop year 2006 – 2007
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-06-23) Săpunaru, Tănase; Hatman, Mircea; Iacob, Viorica; Georgescu, Teodor; Ulea, Eugen; Tălmaciu, Mihai
The paper presents the evolution of the pathogenic agents and pests from crops under the direct influence of the climate conditions registered between 2006 and 2007 in the central area of Moldavia. We presented the frequency of the attack for the main pathogenic agents and pests, as well as the measures applied by the Plant Protection Centres in order to diminish the casualties. The paper is useful to the engineers and practicians for elaborating long-term estimates on the appearance of the pathogenic agents and pests and for establishing the best period of sending the treatment alert.
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Nutritive, nutraceutical, medicinal and energetic value of fruits and vegetables
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-06-12) Beceanu, Dumitru
The nutrient content is not as important as the ratio between the compounds, their quality, their availability and their digestive use. Last but not least, the psychical satisfaction and the pleasure of consumption are also important. The main goal of fruits and vegetables consumption is to assure certain nutritive and catalytic needs, whereas other foodstuff groups assure the energetic needs. The dietetic value is a natural prophylactic (preventive) or curative quality of certain foodstuffs. It may also be acquired for the dietetic foodstuffs, by applying some technologies and the rigorous abidance of the hygienic-sanitary norms, namely some recipes approved by the specialists. The nutraceutical value. Many vegetal products have entered and are still entering the human alimentation (for instance, nettle, dandelion, etc), as supplements with an auxiliary role in alimentation (vitaminizing, depurative* and sometimes, therapeutic one). Initially, their texture or taste were not very pleasant and were not consumed very frequently. Their auxiliary role prevailed over the proper alimentary role, being eaten in order to have a healthy body. The medicinal value is subordinated to the nutraceutical value and certain foodstuff might have medicinal qualities, one of the possible functions of food being also the therapeutic one. There is also an important ethno-botanical tradition of the folk medicine from all the countries that have kept from old times the knowledge about the healing features of fruits and vegetables, picked up from nature or cultivated.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The variation of the ascorbic acid content from potato tubers during storage, under house cellar conditions
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-05-16) Avramiuc, Marcel; Fărtăiș, Liviu-Mihai; Herghelegiu, Ioana
This work pointed out the change of the ascorbic acid (vitamin C) content from potato tubers, stored for three months under apartment house cellar conditions. The ascorbic acid content from potato tubers has decreased by 26.23% (as compared to the ascorbic acid content determined at harvesting), after the first 30 days of storage, by 40% (as compared to the ascorbic acid content determined at 30 days of storage) after 60 days, and only by 10.5% (as compared to the ascorbic acid content determined at 60 days of storage), after 90 days of storage. After 90 days of storage, the initial content of the ascorbic acid from potatoes stored in wooden boxes has decreased by 60.38%. The ascorbic acid content from potatoes, stored in tightly closed glass jars, was less modified. Thus, the determinations carried out and reported at the same time intervals have shown that, after 30 days of storage, the values of the ascorbic acid content have decreased by 10.5%, after other 30 days, by 6.72% and after the last 30 days, by 4.46%. After 90 days of storage under these conditions, the initial content of the ascorbic acid from potato tubers was diminished by 20.22%. The greater the average temperature of the analysed interval was, the greater the diminution in the acid ascorbic content of stored potatoes was. By comparing the results of analyses carried out on potato tubers stored in wooden boxes and in tightly closed glass jars to potato tubers at harvesting, we found out that the diminution in the ascorbic acid content was much more reduced (about 20%) in the tubers kept in closed vessels, because, in that case, the storage conditions have limited the oxidation process of this biocatalyser.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Influence of some technological factors and of biological characteristics on seed production in monoic hemp, under conditions of the agricultural Research Station of Secuieni, Neamţ County
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-02-26) Lupu, Cornelia
The monoic hemp varieties, created at the Agricultural Research Station of Secuieni, Neamţ County, are characterized by high fibre content in the stem and high seed production/area unit. Next to the creation of productive varieties, the growing technology has an important role, too. The experiments set up at the Agricultural Research Station of Secuieni, under conditions of year 2007, which was very dry, pointed out that the varieties had a high drought resistance and that the two technological links (fertilization and sowing period) influenced the quantitative, qualitative and economic crop level. The seed yields, obtained under conditions of year 2007, were between 596 and 800 kg/ha. Applying fertilizers has resulted in yield increases between 7 and 34% and improved the seed value. The best time for hemp sowing is when a temperature of 7-80C is found in soil. The duration of different phenological phases has shown a great variability and was influenced by sowing period, fertilization and climatic conditions of the year.
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The evolution of chemical and biological characteristics in Cambic Chernozem, under the influence of crop rotation, fertilizers and soil erosion
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-06-20) Ailincăi, Costică; Tsadilas, C.; Bireescu, Geanina; Ailincăi, Despina; Zbanț, Maria
Investigations conducted at the Agricultural Research and Development Station of Podu-Iloaiei, Iaşi County, during 2004-2008, have followed the influence of different crop structures and different fertilization methods on crop yield, erosion and soil fertility. Within the experiment, the following rotation schemes have been followed: wheat and maize continuous cropping, 2-year rotation (wheat-maize), 3-year rotation (peas-wheat-maize) and 4-year rotation + reserve field cultivated with legumes and perennial grasses (alfalfa + Lolium or Sainfoin + Bromus). The use of 3 and 4 year- rotations with annual and perennial meliorate plants has resulted in yield increases of 25 – 30 % (632 – 768 kg/ha) in wheat and 24-28% (973-1161 kg/ha) in maize, as compared to continuous cropping. The fertilization of wheat and maize crops at the rate of N60P40+30 t/ha manure has determined the increase by 3.0 g/kg (17.9%) in the content of organic carbon from soil, as compared to the rate of N100P80. The use of peas-wheat-maize-sunflower rotation + reserve field grown with legumes and perennial grasses has contributed to the increase by 2.2 g/kg (13.4%) in the content of organic carbon. The use of 4-year rotation + reserve field cultivated with perennial grasses and legumes on slope lands, poor in organic matter has determined the increase by 47% in soil potential and by 34% in enzyme potential, as compared to wheat-maize rotation. On 11% slope lands, the use of soybean-wheat-maize rotation + two reserve fields cultivated with perennial grasses has determined the diminution of soil losses by erosion at 0.985 t/ha, and on 16% slope lands, peas-wheat-maize rotation + two reserve fields, cultivated with perennial grasses has determined the diminution in soil erosion at 1.371 t/ha. On 16% slope lands, the crop structure, which determined the diminution in mean soil losses by erosion until 1.371 t/ha/year included 20 % straw cereals, 20% annual legumes, 20% row crops and 40 % perennial grasses and legumes.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Influence of fertilization on winter wheat yield, under the ecological conditions from the agricultural Research Station of Valu Lui Traian, Constanţa County
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-01-04) Popa, Mariana; Stere, Ioana; Zaharia, Marius-Sorin
Winter wheat is a crop, which capitalizes very efficiently high fertilizer levels. Therefore, applying 80 kg/ ha active ingredient of N, together with 70 kg/ha active ingredient of P, has resulted in a statistically assured very significant yield increases of 1550 kg/ha (143 %), the average of the nine tested wheat varieties. Maintaining a constant phosphorus soil background (70 kg/ha active ingredient), corroborated to the application of other two nitrogen levels, higher with 40 kg/ha active ingredient of N, led to significant yield increases. From the N0P0 unfertilized background to the N80P70 background, a yield increase of 1550 kg/ha can be achieved. It diminished until 1090 kg/ha between N80P70 and N120P70 soil background and until 430 kg/ha between N120P70 and N160P70 soil background. The interaction between wheat varieties and fertilization rates pointed out the Alex Variety and the N160P70 fertilization rate, with a yield of 7800 kg/ha.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Testing winter wheat lines created at the agricultural research station of Podu-Iloaiei, Iaşi county
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-03-28) Ioan, Ionela
During 2005-2007, at the Agricultural Research and Development Station of Podu-Iloaiei, Iaşi County, a site with different climatic conditions, the following wheat lines were tested: PI-2344-98, PI-2801-98, PI-2487-99, PI-2322-00, PI-2726-99, PI-2557-01, PI- 2416-95, PI-2657-99 and PI-2561-99, compared to the Fundulea 4 control. On this biological material, we have determined some physiological features and quantitative traits, production capacity, correlations between productivity and production elements. Under various climatic conditions, the lowest obtained yield was of 13 q/ha in PI-2657-99 and PI-2561-99 lines, in 2007, and the highest yield was of 72 q/ha in PI-2344-98 line, followed by PI-2801-98 line, with a yield of 71 q/ha, obtained in 2006. In most of the wheat lines, the mean yield on the three experiencing years was higher than the control, the distinctively significant yield increases reaching 9 q/ha (24%) in PI-2344-98 and PI-2726-99 lines. As concerns the number of spikes/m2, PI-2344-98 and PI-2726-99 lines had very significant yield increases, followed by PI-2487-99, PI-2322-00 and PI-2561-99 lines, with significant yield increases. As compared to the interaction genotype x environment, we have obtained statistically significant assured differences in PI-2726-99 line. The number of grains/ spike had higher statistically assured values against Fundulea 4 control in PI-2487-99 line. On average of three years, the 1000-grain weight had higher values against the control, the PI-2416-95 line being found on the first place (43.0 g). Compared to the V×A interaction, we did not get significant differences for the number of grains/spike and the 1000-grain weight, the tested genotypes reacting similarly to the change of climatic conditions at the experiencing period. The dependence between the studied traits and the production capacity was shown in most of cases by statistically assured positive correlations. The obtained results have demonstrated the success of PI-2344-98 and PI-2726-99 lines in the process of variety creation, corresponding to the objectives followed by wheat breeding at the Agricultural Research and Development Station of Podu-Iloaiei.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Design modification of an automatic mouldboard profilograph
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-04-09) Massah, J.; Alimardani, R.
This paper presents the design modification of an automatic mouldboard profilograph by substituting an optical sensor and a control system, together with its evaluation. The modified profilograph is an electro-mechanical apparatus in which a micro switch and a DC motor were replaced by an optical sensor and a control system for the revolution of a DC motor. Thereby, the considered surface was measured by using a non – contact sensor. This apparatus has the capability of drawing the profilograms of a 3-D object as a 2-D drawing in the same contour lines. The profilograms drawn by this apparatus can be useful for the mouldboard design and its surface modelling. They compared the drawn profilograms before and after modification. In order to verify the apparatus performance, horizontal and vertical profilograms of a cylindroidal mouldboard were drawn. Comparisons of drawing accuracies were conducted for a metal cylindroidal surface with radius of 315 mm and 540 mm in length, by using the two sensors. Our results have shown that the use of the optical sensor and of the control system has reduced the drawing error of the mouldboard surface curvature up to 70%.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The impact of the standard diet, supplemented with glucans extracted from Claviceps purpurea, on some productive parameters in broiler chickens
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-03-18) Solcan, Gheorghe; Boghian, Vasile; Hrițcu, Luminița-Diana; Beșchea Chiriac, Sorin-Ioan; Solcan, Carmen; Anton, Alina; Mocanu, Diana
We have studied the impact of the standard diet, supplemented with glucans extracted from Claviceps purpurea, on some productive parameters. The experiment was performed on 30 broiler chickens, beginning at the age of 25 days. Chickens were bred under semi-intensive conditions, being randomly distributed in three equal groups, according to their body weight. They were fed with specific commercial food, balanced in nutrient principles; each day, the glucanic extracts were added at doses of 20 mg/kg body weight for the group E1 and 40 mg/kg body weight for the group E2. The extracts were mixed with food, after being diluted in 10% distilled water. At the end of the experiment, the control group has reached a weight gain of 644 g. The group E1 (with 20 mg glucanic extract/kg) has reached a weight gain of 696 g, which represented a significant difference in comparison with the control group (+ 52 g). The group E 2 (with 40 mg glucanic extract/kg) has reached a weight gain of 728 g, which was also a significant difference as compared to the control group (+ 84 g). The specific fodder consumption was of 2.11 kg fodder/kg body weight at the group E2, slightly higher at the group E1, representing 2.21 kg fodder/kg body weight, the fodder consumption for the control group being of 2.40 kg fodder / kg body weight, significantly higher than that for groups E1 and E2. The haematological, biochemical blood and histological exams of the internal organs have registered parameters within the physiological limits, without significant differences between the control group and the experimental ones.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Aspects concerning the evolution in time of chromatic parameters in some red wines
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-02-01) Odăgeriu, Gheorghe; Niculaua, Marius; Rusu, E.; Chiriță, Otilia; Buzilă, Il.; Zamfir, Cătălin-Ioan
This study presents the evolution in time of the chromatic parameters (L, a, b, C, H0) over 24 months, as well as the variation of total phenolic compounds (anthocyans) and the variation of the main colour characteristics (intensity and shade), correlated to the corresponding pH changes. Twelve red wines from four grape varieties (Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Fetească neagră and Băbească neagră), cultivated in the Dealu Bujorului vineyard, Galati County, obtained by classical fermentation, rototanks and thermo-maceration, were studied. The wines were obtained in October 2005 at the pilot research station and were analysed in the same month, November, of the years 2005, 2006 and 2007. The analyses have shown a variation in time of the studied parameters, depending on the oenological potential of each variety and used technology. A change in this value was noticed mainly as a decrease of the total phenolic compounds (anthocyans), correlated especially to the variation of the pH values. Data concerning the chromatic parameters of each wine allowed an objective appreciation of the red young wines colour and of their evolution in time (during 2 years).
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Improving the vine crop technologies by using glycoside substances, under conditions of economic efficiency and environmental protection
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-03-03) Munteanu, Neculai; Iurea, Dorina; Mustea, Mihai
Ecostim is a furostanol glycoside and represents a natural substance belonging to the class of saponines (found in Lycopersicon esculentum seeds). This product was obtained by alcoholic extraction from tomato seeds and represents a bioactive substance of vegetal origin, having a wide range of biological activities, especially antiviral and antifungal properties. The goal of this paper was to estimate the biological activity of the product. The influence of the vegetal compound with steroidal glycoside structure was studied on the vine plantation from the Iaşi vineyard. The treatments consisted in spraying the aqueous solution of Ecostim, at different doses and ways of using. The results pointed out the favourable effects of treatments on the plant growth and development, according to the phenological phase and used concentration.
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Research on the pigment content in various apple tree varieties, treated with capsicoside
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-03-23) Munteanu, Neculai; Iurea, Dorina; Istrate, Mihai; Chintea, P.
Furostanol glycoside represents a natural substance belonging to the class of saponines. Capsicoside , one of them, is found in Capsicum annuum seeds and it was obtained by the alcoholic extraction from pepper seeds. It is a bioactive substance of vegetal origin, having a wide range of biological activities, especially antiviral and antifungal properties. The goal of the present paper was to promote this bioactive compound and to evaluate its biological activity. The influence of the plant compound with steroidal glycoside structure was studied on the plantation of apple trees. The treatments consisted in spraying the aqueous solution of Capsicoside, at different doses and ways of using. The results of the experiments pointed out the positive effects of the influence of steroidal glycosides on the growth and quality development of apple trees.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Selectivity and efficiency of some herbicides in controlling weeds from monoecious hemp crops
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-02-02) Chiriță, Nela
The herbicides tested in the monoecious hemp crops from the Agricultural Research and Development Station of Secuieni, Neamţ County, on a typical Cambic Chernozem with 2.7% humus, 34% clay and a pH of 5.8, have shown a high degree of hemp susceptibility to herbicides. Herbicides Guardian (2.2 l/ha), Dual Gold (1.5 l/ha) and Fusilade forte (1.0 l/ha) were better tolerated by hemp crops, while herbicides Sencor, Lontrel 300, Logran and Granstarm were not tolerated. As concerns the efficiency of herbicides in controlling weeds, we found out changes in the dynamics of weed encroachment, differentiated according to used herbicides and climatic conditions. Guardian (2.2 l/ha) and Dual Gold (1.5 l/ha) have controlled annual mono- and dicotyledonous weeds by 65 and, respectively, 55%. The obtained seed yields were influenced by herbicide selectivity and efficiency, but also by climatic conditions.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Data on the knowledge of injurious organisms in hemp crops from the Central Moldavia
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-01-10) Trotuș, Elena; Naie, Margareta
The observations and determinations carried out in monoecious hemp crops from Central Moldavia, during 2005-2007, have shown that the injurious entomofauna was made up of 20 species of insects, which summed up each year, on the average, 3164.14 individuals/m2. The injurious entomofauna was framed within the orders Coleoptera, Homoptera, Heteroptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera. The order percent was of 35% for Coleoptera, 30% for Lepidoptera, 15% for Diptera and 10% for Homoptera and Heteroptera. Analysing the dominance of collected species, according to their spreading, 16 species belonged to class D1- subrecedent species, two species to class D2- recedent species, one species to class D3 – subdominant species and two species to class D5 – eudominant species. According to the number of registered species, the rate of dominance classes was of 75% for class D1, 10% for classes D2 and D5, 5% for class D3, and no dominant species was registered in class D4. The hemp crops were also affected by seven pathogenic agents: Pythium de Baryanum, Fusarium oxysporum, Xanthomonas campestris var. cannabis, Septoria cannabis, Perenoplasmopara cannabina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis infestans. The mean frequency of the attack produced by these pathogenic agents had values between 0.63% (Botrytis infestans) and 16.96% (Septoria cannabis).
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Influence of low temperature and fluorescent light on the cereal seeds during the germination tests
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-01-11) Plăcintă, Domnica-Daniela
Testing the capacity of the cereal seeds to produce plants in the fields, by germinating under the best laboratory conditions, had as goal to assess their quality for sowing, commercialization or long-time conservation. The experimental biologic material was represented by twelve oat genotypes, eighteen barley genotypes and twenty rye genotypes from the seed collection, stored in the Suceava Genebank. The germination tests were carried out in laboratory, on the artificial substrate made of filter paper, by the BP (between paper) method, under two experiencing conditions. The scientific grounding of results was done through the correlation between the germination capacity of the cereal seeds at dark and the germination capacity under fluorescent light and low temperature, before incubation. The differences found in the germination percents of each species pointed out the role of fluorescent light and low temperature, a significant correlation between viability seed and the two factors in barley being found, as compared to the other tested species. In the routine tests from seed control laboratories, they may successfully use the low temperature treatment in barley, before incubation, and the exposure at fluorescent light, during incubation, even if this species is no longer found at germination repose. Percent increases in the germinating capacity were registered.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Influence of organo-mineral fertilization on wheat and maize crops and the evolution of soil fertility under long-term experiments in the Moldavian Plain
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-01-03) Ailincăi, Despina; Ailincăi, Costică; Zbanț, Maria; Mercuș, Adrian; Țopa, Denis-Constantin
The investigations conducted during 1996-2007 at the Podu-Iloaiei Agricultural Research Station have studied the influence of different organo-mineral fertilization rates on wheat and maize yield and soil agrochemical characteristics. In wheatmaize crop rotation, applying mineral fertilizers has resulted in getting mean yield increases. The organic fertilizers, applied together with mineral ones (N50P50+60 t manure/ha), have improved soil chemical characteristics and determined mean yield increases of 125% in wheat and 108% in maize. The mean yield increases, obtained for each kg of a.i. of applied fertilizer, were comprised between 7.6 and 17.5 kg in wheat and between 13.0 and 28.1 kg in maize. In the intensive rotations with cereals, with high annual consumption of nutrients, maintaining a good soil supply with humus and mineral elements was done only by the organo-mineral fertilization (N50P50 or N100P100 + 40 t manure/ha). In the soils from the Moldavian Plateau, which are poor in organic matter and nutrients, the proper use of different organic resources may replace a part of high technological consumption, determined the improvement in the content of organic matter from soil and ensured better conditions for the capitalization of nitrogen fertilizers. On the Cambic Chernozem from the Moldavian Plateau, a good supply with mobile phosphorus in wheat and maize crops (37-72 mg/kg) was done in case of the annual application of a rate of N100P100, while a very good supply (72-91 mg/kg) was achieved at the rate of N50P50+60 t/ha manure.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Influence of crop rotation and long-term fertilization on wheat and maize yield and soil fertility in the Moldavian Plain
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-02-22) Ailincăi, Costică; Ailincăi, Despina; Zbanț, Maria; Mercuș, Adrian; Țopa, Denis-Constantin
Investigations, set up in 1968, were carried out on a Cambic Chernozem with a slope of 14%. They have shown the influence of different crop rotations and fertilization on soil erosion and fertility. The mean yield increases in wheat, during 1980-2007, were between 23 and 26 % (646 – 736 kg ha−1), due to crop rotation and between 57 and 101 % (1099 – 1949 kg ha−1), due to applied fertilizer rates. On slope lands from the Moldavian Plain, a good supply in mobile phosphorus for field crops (37-72 mg kg−1) was kept in case of the annual application of a rate of N100P80, and a very good supply in mobile phosphorus (69-78 mg kg −1) and mobile potassium (over 200 mg kg−1) was found at a rate of N60P40+30 t ha−1 of organic manure, applied in 3 or 4 -year crop rotations with legumes and perennial grasses. The total carbon mass on Cambic Chernozem from the Moldavian Plain has registered significant increases at higher than N140P100 rates, at organo-mineral fertilization and in 4-year crop rotation + reserve field cultivated with perennial grasses and legumes. In maize continuous cropping and wheat-maize rotation, very significant values of the carbon content were found only in organo-mineral fertilization, in 4-year crop rotation + reserve field cultivated with perennial grasses and legumes, and at N140P100 fertilization. The mean annual losses of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, once with water runoff and eroded soil on 14% slope fields were of 19.9 kg ha−1 in maize continuous cropping, 11.9 kg ha−1 in wheat-maize rotation and 8.1 kg ha−1 in rotation peas-wheat-maize-sunflower + two reserve fields cultivated with perennial grasses and legumes.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Natural drying characteristics of sesame seeds
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-11-23) Khazaei, J.
Since sesame seeds (SS) are more sensitive to high drying temperature, seeds are dried naturally indoor with either natural or forced convection air. In this study, SS with the initial moisture content of around 50.8% (d.b.) were dried until the final moisture content of about 3.0-3.7% (d.b.). The drying characteristics of SS were investigated under indoor conditions with both forced convection (FC) and natural convection (NC) of air. Modelling the correlation between moisture content with drying time and drying method was carried out by using mathematical and artificial neural networks (ANN). During the FC and NC experiments, the time to reach the final moisture content was found to be 400 and 900 min, respectively. The FC drying times were around 55% shorter than the NC drying times. The effective water diffusion coefficients of SS, under FC and NC conditions, were 3.1×10-11 and 1.1×10-11 m2/s, respectively. The corresponding values for the overall resistance to diffusion were 70.8×105 and 19.6×106 m2 s/kg, respectively. The ANN model was capable of predicting the moisture content with a R2 of 0.999, RMSE of less than 0.0116 and MRE of about 1.73%. It was found that both the Khazaei and Peleg’s models were suitable for predicting the moisture content of sesame seeds. However, the Khazaei model gave better fit to the drying data. It was concluded that ANN represented the drying characteristics better than the mathematical models.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Marketing strategies on the development of the vegetable growing in the “Lunca Siretului – Bacău District” microzone
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-02-13) Chiran, Aurel; Alistar, V.; Gîndu, Elena; Murariu, Cornelia
The elaboration of the marketing strategy represents a continuous and extended process of information, analysis and decision, a continuous searching of optimal solutions for solving the well-defined problems. The marketing strategy represents a decision expressing the resolution of a complex process, supposing the analysis of strategic elements and establishment of strategic alternatives, for choosing the strategy for each stage, product or market. For elaborating the marketing strategy, it is necessary to begin from the competition position of the agricultural company, the place the company wants to conquer, the potential of the company and the competitive environment within the company. The elaboration of marketing strategy establishes, on the one hand, the directions of achieving the strategic objectives, requiring specific actions (market division, establishing the target group and the position of a certain product or service) and, on the other hand, the structure of marketing mixture to implement the chosen strategy. In practice, there are many strategic variants, which may be applied due to the various aspects taken into account for their establishing. If we have in view the way the farming companies react to different solicitations of the external, direct or circumstantial environment, we may define types of strategies, depending on certain criteria. Choosing a favourable strategy depends on the competence of the marketing manager, the managerial team of the company, the capacity of understanding the environment within the company and of organizing the company to take advantage of the opportunities that may appear, if we take into consideration that the marketing strategy must guide the company towards a more competitive position on the market. The authors emphasized the strategic variants for developing the vegetable growing in the “Lunca Siretului - Bacău District” microzone, the next period up to the year 2012, for ensuring the need of vegetable consumption for the local population.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Research on incubation bacterial microflora
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2008-01-11) Ciocîrlan, Emilia
Investigations were conducted on samples of the pathological material, represented by 17-18 day embryonated eggs, unviable chickens that died in the first two days after hutching, and incubation wastes (eggshells). For germ isolation, inseminations were carried out on usual mediums (gelose and nutritive bullion) and on selective and enriching growth mediums (Chapmann, Drigalsky, Levin, Wilson-Blaire and Istrate-Meitert). The bacteriological exam allowed the isolation of a mixed flora, represented by Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. In most cases, the germs were associated by two or three. Most of the strains were isolated from the strains of Escherichia coli - 82 (15.12%), Proteus vulgaris - 66 (12.36%), Staphylococcus aureus - 42 (7.93%), Bacillus cereus - 31 (5.72%) and Salmonella spp. - 5 (0.92%).

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