2019

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/254

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Sustainable agricultural practices and related problems among rice farming households in Kwara State, Nigeria
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2020-03-06) Osasona, K.K.; Akinsola, G.B.; Salami, M.F.; Adebisi, L.O.; Adebisi, O.A.; Fashola, O.
Farmers in Nigeria are unpredictable unlike other developing countries where a good agronomic practices are used for a sustainable increase in rice production as result, the demand for rice consumption far overweighs rice production. This study presented empirical findings on the sustainable agricultural practices and its constraints among the rice farming households in one selected state of Nigeria. The study utilized primary data collected in 2019 using a four stage random sampling techniques. A total sample of 150 rice farmers was collected with the use of descriptive statistics, Likert-type scale and multinomial logistic regression model for analysis. The result indicates that the recommended sustainable agricultural practices (SAP) least adopted were the use of High Yielding Variety seed and agrochemicals probably due to their high cost. The factors that influences the full usage of SAP in rice farming were farm size, level of education, farming experience, extension contact and access to credit. Also, farm size and access to credit also influenced the partial usage of SAP. The major constraints limiting the usage were high cost of fertilizers, high cost of improved seed and unavailability agrochemicals. The study recommends that extension agents should visit local farmers more often and carry out more demonstrations on the usage of SAP.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Survey the allelopathic effects of tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.) on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth and germination
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2020-03-06) Khoshkharam, M.; Shahrajabian, M.H.; Sun, W.; Cheng, Q.
Allelopathy is the direct influence of chemical released from one plant on the development and growth of another plant. The trial accomplished in seed technology laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Isfahan, in 2018. A factorial layout within completely randomized design with four replications was used. Treatments included plant organs extract (leaf, stem, root and total plant), and different tobacco extract densities includes four levels of 0%, 25%, 50% and 100%. Control treatment (0% of tobacco extract) had obtained the highest value of germination rate, germination percentage, coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. The maximum germination rate, germination percentage, coleoptiles weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptiles length was related to extract of stem extract which had meaningful differences with other treatments. Both radicle and coleoptile length decreased with increase in concentration of tobacco extract. Tobacco extract has negatively effects on corn seeds by decreasing the germination rate. Tobacco may increase the presence of secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, all of which may have different effects on seed germination percentage. The highest germination percentage (91.91%), coleoptile weight (0.046 mg), radicle weight (0.0161 mg), radicle length (7.24 mm), and coleoptiles length (6.45 mm) was related to interaction between control treatment (0% of extract) and stem extract. It is concluded that the extract of Nicotiana tabacum had both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on seedling growth of Zea mays.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Soil phosphorus dynamics of sweet potato-based cropping system in a rainforest region of Nigeria
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2020-03-06) Kareem, I.; Akinrinde, E.A.; Oladosu, Y.; Abdulmaliq, S.Y.; Eifediyi, E.K.; Alasinrin, S.Y.; Kareem, S.A.
To guard against soil phosphorus (P) toxicity in tuber production and have optimum tuber yield at lesser cost of P-fertilization, better understanding of the dynamics of phosphorus release in sandy loamy soil is inevitable. Therefore, this work was carried out to investigate the trend of P-release from time of application to its optimum release and its effect on sweet potato growth and tuber production. To achieve this, a 5-week incubation study under laboratory conditions was carried out to study P-release dynamics using different P sources. Similar experiment was conducted on the field using the same P sources and application rate to monitor the influence P-release rate on sweet potato production. Data on number of leaves, vine length, tuber yield, soil extractable phosphorus and phosphorus uptake of the plants were taken. Relationships between P-uptake and tuber yield, number of leaves, vine length were also established. It was found that the trend of phosphorus release was a sigmoid shape. Leaf production and vine length were improved by P-application, while yield was suppressed. It is recommended that P-fertilizer should not be applied to the soil at short intervals to avoid nutrient toxicity.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Seed germination and morphophysiological characterization of three tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum) varieties irrigated with treated wastewater
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2020-03-06) Zouagri, I.; Bekhouche, F.; Kheloufi, A.; Nouri, L.
The ability to reuse treated wastewater (TWW) would be of significant benefit to agriculture whilst at the same time providing a valuable water resource. This study concerned the effects of three various levels of treated wastewater (0%, 50% and 100% TWW) on seed germination and plant development of three different varieties of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) (viz. Toufan, Heinz and Bouzina). Irrigation with TWW persisted 15 days for the germination stage and 120 days for the growth and development stage. A control plot irrigated with a pure water (groundwater) was also set up in order to compare the seeds and the plants response to different concentrations of irrigation water. The final germination was expressed as a percentage of the total number of seeds in each treatment. This study has demonstrated that treated wastewater improves the germination in Heinz variety and had no effect on both Toufan and Bouzina varieties whether it is pure or diluted by half. For the growth stage, the statistical analysis showed that the Toufan variety has tolerated successfully the TWW irrigation with its high and moderate concentrations, and this by analysing all the morphophysiological parameters studied in this work (leaves numbers, stem and root length and dry biomass, relative water content and rate water loss).
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Participation of rural women in exploitation of non-timber forest products as a means of sustainable livelihood in Southwestern Nigeria
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2020-03-06) Bamiwuye, O.A.; Adisa, B.O.; Adeloye, K.A.; Famakinwa, Michael
The study examined the participation of rural women in exploitation of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), as a means of sustainable livelihood in Southwestern Nigeria. A number of 320 respondents were interviewed through pre-tested structured interview schedule in the four purposively selected forest reserves using a multistage sampling procedure. Data collected were presented using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean age and mean year of experience in NTFPs exploitation were 40.9 ± 11.5 years and16.4±3.4 years, respectively. NTFPs participated by the respondents in the study area were palm fruits, vegetables, snails and fire wood among others. Actor categories identify in the NTFPs business chain were collectors, processors, traders among others. In addition, majority of the respondents show willingness to continue in NTFPs exploitation irrespective of alternative livelihood. The findings revealed that age (t=2.39), number of hours of collection per week (t=3.48), years of experience of NTFPs exploitation (t= -3.88) and external orientation (t=2.20) of respondents significantly contributed to their participation in NTFPs exploitation. The study concludes that participation in NTFPs exploitation by the respondents was moderate. It was recommended that more enlightenment programmes should be organized by relevant stakeholders for the rural women to create awareness on the income generation opportunities that abound in the NTFPs activities.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Infrared thermal imaging as an innovative approach for early detection infestation of stored product insects in certain stored grains
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2020-03-06) Ibrahim, A.I.; Yousry, M.A.; Saad, M.I.; Mahmoud, M.F.; Said, Maysa; Ameen, A.
Grains of field crops, such as wheat, maize, faba bean and white bean, are considered strategic food for humanity worldwide and Egypt. Unfortunately, percent losses of grains quantity may reach to 15-30%, as a result of stored product insect damage, and the losses increased dramatically in the last years, as an outcome of quickly productions of these pests. Experiments were conducted on infrared thermal imaging that demonstrate early detection of infestation by stored product insects in wheat, maize, broad bean, white bean and bean grains. The imaging is dependent on subtle significant differences in temperature between infested and healthy grains. Because the thermal imaging data are digital, computer programs can be used to analysis differences in temperature and mining figures explained for that. Results revealed that the use of thermal imaging offers an alternative method to detect an insect infestation. Data concluded that thermal imaging has the potential to identify whether the grains of crops that tested are infested or not, but is less effective in identifying which developmental stage is present. Moreover, it could apply this technique easily on a large scale in silos, storage, mills and granaries without negative impact on quality of stored grains.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Effect of water sources on the health of rural children: evidence from household survey in Kwara State, Nigeria
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2020-03-06) Babatunde, R.O.; Salami, M.F.; Aroke, J.O.
Majority of the disease outbreak in developing countries have been attributed to contaminated water with children being the worst hit. Therefore, this study analyzed the effect of water sources on the health status of children under the age of 5 years in Ifelodun Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Primary data was obtained through the use of semistructured interviews; 150 households with at least one child under five years were interviewed however; only 146 questionnaires were completed and found valid for analysis. The data was subjected to descriptive statistics, such as pie chart, bar charts. The results show that majority (58.2%) of the children were males. Also, most (83.5%) of the children were infants, i.e. within the age range of 0-2 years. Most (96%) of the households had access to improved water sources of which protected dug well is the most accessible. Many (42%) of the households reported that they experience periods of water shortage, this explains why water washed diseases (disease associated with poor hygiene in the face of water scarcity) was the most predominant diseases reported among the children with 70 reported cases. These were closely followed by the water related insect vector diseases with 64 reported cases and then water borne diseases with 48 reported cases. Water based diseases rarely occurred in the study area. This study, therefore, recommends that effort should be geared towards provision of safe water all year round for the farming households. Also, insecticide treated nets should be made available for the children in the farming households so as to prevent insect bites.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Effect of different boron application on cotton yield components and fiber quality properties
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2020-03-06) Karademir, Emine; Karademir, C.
This study was carried out to determine the effect of different boron application methods on cotton yield, plant growth and fiber technological properties. The study was conducted at Siirt University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Field Crops experimental area as randomized complete block design with four replications in 2018. Stoneville 468 cotton variety and boron liquid foliar fertilizer were used as material. Seven different boron applications were performed as (Control, 1000 cc ha-1 at pre-flowering stage, 2000 cc ha-1 at preflowering stage, 1000 cc ha-1 at flowering stage, 2000 cc ha-1 at flowering stage and 1000 cc ha-1 at boll formation stage, 2000 cc ha-1 at boll formation stage). The results of statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences between applications methods in terms of plant height and number of monopodial branches. But there were non-significant differences in terms of number of sympodial branches, number of first node of sympodial branch, number of nodes, height/node ratio, number of bolls, boll weight, seed cotton weight of per boll, number of seeds per boll, first picking percentage, 100 seeds weight, ginning percentage, seed cotton yield and fiber technological characteristics. In conclusion different application methods of boron increased plant height and number of monopodial branches of cotton when applied as 1000 and 2000 cc ha-1 at preflowering stages.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Effects of citrus rootstocks on some plant nutrient elements absorption of grafted cultivars
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2020-03-06) Rameeh, V.; Ramzanpour, M.R.; Matani, R.
Citrus rootstocks have prime effects on the size of tree and fruit, quality of fruit and micorhyza dependence, which make difference in their leaf mineral elements concentration in leaf of grafted cultivars on them. A pot factorial experiment with two factors including rootstocks (sour orange, Citrange, Rough Lemon, Citrumelo and Yozo) and grafted cultivars (Thomson Navel, Sanguine, Unshiu Tangerine) was carried out in farm conditions with three replications. The studied traits were concentrations of elements in leaves including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc and copper. The result of analysis of variance revealed significant mean squares of variety, rootstock and their interaction effects for the elements in leaves. Citrumelo rootstock had mainly effect on nutritional elements in leaves. Unshiu mandarin with Citrumelo rootstock had the most amount of nitrogen and sanguine variety with Citrange rootstock made the highest concentration of phosphorus and potassium in leaves of the grafted cultivar. Significant positive correlation of K with Fe and Zn indicating that all rootstocks with high mean value of K in leaf of grafted cultivar will have high amount of Fe and Zn. Significant positive correlation also detected between N and P of leaf of grafted cultivars in combination with different rootstocks; therefore, most of combinations with high mean value of N had also high mean value of P. Unshiu Tangerine had high variation for P, but Thomson Novel had lowest variation for this mineral element. Due to Significant positive correlation of S with Mg and Mn, most of rootstocks with high amount of S in leaf of grafted cultivar had high mean values of Mg and Mn in their leaf of grafted cultivars.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Duration and concentration of 1-methylcyclopropene treatment: impact on ripening and shelf life of partially ripened bananas
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2020-03-06) Moradinezhad, Farid
In order to improve the quality and extend the shelf life of bananas after gassing with ethylene at commercial treatment during transportation and storage the simultaneous application of ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene were examined. Fruit were treated with 100 μL L-1 of ethylene for two consecutive days as a control, followed by 20 min ventilation each day, or simultaneously exposed to 1-MCP at different concentrations (30, 100 or 300 nL L-1 on the first day or second day, or treated with 1-MCP alone on the third day at 22ºC. Fruit from each treatment were used to evaluate external and internal quality parameters and shelf life. The results showed that shelf life increased significantly, compared to the control when 1-MCP was applied coincidently with ethylene in the second day and reapplied alone in the third day. The highest increase in shelf life (125%) was obtained when 1-MCP was applied on the second day at 30 nL L-1 simultaneously with ethylene and at 300 nL L-1 alone on the third day, compared to the control in both harvest months. We conclude that simultaneous application of 1-MCP is more effective than the more common method of extending banana shelf life through application of 1-MCP after ethylene treatment.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Water stress effect on wheat at different mechanical seeding systems
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2019-12-20) Zaman, R.
Judicial water use, as well as improving water use efficiency in agriculture is new challenge. Conservation tillage, as well as mechanical seeding system, offers various benefits over intensive tillage system. Considering this, the study was conducted to find out the water requirements and appropriate deficit irrigation schedule of wheat on different seeding system. This study consisted of following irrigation treatments, like I1 = Irrigation at CRI stage, I2 = Irrigation at CRI and vegetative stages, I3 = Irrigation at CRI and grain filling stages and I4 = Irrigation at CRI, vegetative and grain filling stages on four mechanical seeding methods, like T1 = Bed planting, T2 = PTOS, T3 = Strip tillage, and T4 = Zero tillage and laid out in a split plot design with three replications. From the result based on the grain yield and water productivity, bed planting (T1) and three levels of irrigation (I4) was found as the best combination for wheat cultivation. Besides, at water scarcity area bed planting (T1), with two irrigation I2 (CRI and vegetative) was the suitable reduce irrigation scheduling for wheat cultivation. In different seeding methods, bed planting was increased yield about 10.58%, followed by PTOS and yield was identical in PTOS and ST. Comparatively, lowest yield was observed in zero. In irrigation treatment, three irrigations (I4) was observed, the best scheduling for wheat on all seeding system and yield was increased 11.98% in I4, followed by I2 and lowest yield was found in I1. The result also revealed that the soil moisture contribution was decreased with increased applied water, as well as number of irrigation.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Seed germination and radicle establishment related to type and level of salt in common bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L. Var. Djedida)
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2019-12-20) Mansouri, L.M.; Heleili, N.; Boukhatem, Z.F.; Kheloufi, A.
Saline soils contain multiple types of salt, each of them may exert a different effect on seed germination and seedling growth. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of five types of salt on the seed germination and radicle establishment of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Djedida). The experiment was set out as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications of ten seeds for the seed germination and twelve replicates for the seedling growth. We used five kinds of salts (NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCl2, CaCO3 and KCl) with concentrations of 0, 100, 200 and 300 mM. Seeds were incubated in Petri dishes at 25°C, in the dark, for 10 days. The results of analysis of variance indicated that the effects of salt types and concentrations, and their interaction effect were significant in all measured traits (P< 0.01). However, no significance effect was found on secondary roots number and seedlings dry biomass with CaCO3 treatment solution. According to the results, the inhibitory effects of the five salt types differed significantly. Indeed, germination of common bean seeds by various salts were in the order of NaCl > KCl > CaCO3 > Na2SO4 > CaCl2. However, the taproot length, the number of secondary roots and the seedlings dry weight by various salts were in the order of CaCO3 > KCl > NaCl > CaCl2 > Na2SO4. The effect of salt concentration was also obvious. The reduction in dry biomass of cotyledons is proportional to germination rates and to the development of seedlings in dry biomass and in size. Seeds of P. vulgaris var. Djedida were able to germinate under all concentrations of the various types of salt. The lowest final germination percentage (FGP) was obtained under 300 mM of all salts recording the following values: CaCO3 - 60%, NaCl - 60%, KCl - 52.5%, Na2SO4 - 50% and CaCl2 - 27.5%. During germination stage, the radicle emergence would be controlled by the environment osmolarity, while the later growth of the seedling would be limited by the reserve mobilization.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Salinity stress tolerance of three cowpea cultivars in a Southern guinea savannah ecological zone of Nigeria
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2019-12-20) Kareem, I.; Musa, A.I.
To combat the problem of food scarcity and insecurity in areas affected by salinity, crop varieties that are tolerant to the stressful conditions should be selected and used. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate and know the effects of salinity stress on growth and yield of three cowpea cultivars to select the best salinity tolerant cultivar for optimum yield production. To achieve this, three separate experiments were concurrently carried out using ITIOK-298-15, IFE BROWN and SAMPEA 11 cowpea cultivars in the glass house of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, Nigeria. The salinity levels tested in each of the cultivars were 0mM (the control), 50mM, 100mM and 200mM sodium chloride (NaCl). The imposition of salinity stress was for a period of two weeks at maturity because this stage is the most sensitive stage for any crop grown under any environmental stress. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Data collection was centred on root length, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, dry mass, final yield, chlorophyll content of leaves, crude protein and crude fat contents. From this work, it was found that 200mM NaCl decreased the final yield by 51% in ITIOK-298-15, 73% in IFE BROWN and 100% in SAMPEA-11 compared to the control. Furthermore, 100mM NaCl reduced crude protein contents of the leaves by 6% in ITIOK- 298-15, 10% in IFE BROWN and 17% in SAMPEA-11 compared to the control. From the above results, it was found that ITIOK-298-15 was the most tolerant cultivar while SAMPEA-11 was the most susceptible cultivar to salinity stress. It is, therefore, recommended (subject to further confirmation) that ITIOK-298-15 cultivar, which is the most promising cultivar of the three cultivars experimented, be used in cowpea production in saline environments of the Southern Guinea savannah ecological areas of Nigeria.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Researches of the influence of nitrate contents on main morphological traits of maize plants
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2019-12-20) Jipa, Adina-Petruța; Murariu, Danela
Nitrogen is an important element required for plant growth and development. It is a key component in many biological compounds that play a major role in photosynthetic activity and crop yield capacity. Variation in nitrogen availability can affect plant development and productivity in maize. One of the ways of soil pollution through agricultural technology is over-fertilization and, in particular, the administration of high doses of nitrogen fertilizers. Excess of nitrogen fertilizers, as well as their empirical application, have negative effects on harvest quality. Excessive use of fertilizers with nitrogen, produces of ion nitric accumulation in the soil (temporary) and in plants, which disturbs the balance of photosynthesis, causes the appearance of necrosis and burns on leaves, severe intoxication and even death by asphyxiation phenomena and cyanosis at ruminants, children and old people. The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of different nitrogen levels and different type of fertilizers on nitrates levels in maize leaves and on morphological traits of maize plants. Field experiments were conducted in two growing seasons (2017 and 2018) with five nitrogen levels (80 kg/ha, 120 kg/ha, 160 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and 240 kg/ha) and two type of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and urea).
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Integrated Diseases Management (IDM) modules for the management of cotton diseases in natural condition under South Gujarat region of India
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2019-12-20) Sandipan, P.B.; Patel, R.K.; Faldu, G.O.; Patel, D.M.
Cotton is a vital commercial crop in the world and plays an important role for fibre, fuel and edible oil in the community and to industry. Cotton is a white fibrous agricultural product that has a wide variety of uses, from textile production, to creating paper, to producing oil and food products. Cotton is grown all around the globe, and is traded internationally as well. The cotton diseases scenario has shown a continuous change during the past 64 years. Several diseases have been reported for the cotton crop. The use of IDM strategy is gaining momentum now a days, but in developing countries it often lacks the enabling environment for its successful implementation. Cotton crop is affected by various diseases caused by organisms, such as fungi, bacteria and viruses that grow on and within the plant tissues. In this experiment, total seven modules including the control was tested in this experiment from which, module 6 (6.50% PDI), followed by module 5 (8.50% PDI) significantly recorded minimum bacterial leaf blight infection in comparison to the module 7, i.e. control (18.50% PDI) in RCH 2 BG II hybrid. For Alternaria leaf spot disease, module 6 (2.50 % PDI) were recorded significantly minimum Alternaria leaf spot disease in RCH 2 BG II hybrid, as compared to the control (10.50 % PDI), followed by module 5 (4.50 % PDI) and module 4 (5.50 % PDI).
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Heat requirement of pomegranate fruit: a case study on Shishe-Kab cultivar
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2019-12-20) Mohammadian Moghaddam, Mina; Moradinezhad, Farid; Khayyat, Mehdi
The aim of this study was to determine growing degree day (GDD) for pomegranate fruit Shishe-Kab cultivar and study the phonological stages of fruit from bloom to harvest. A completely randomized block design was carried out on the research orchard of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, 2017. During the May to October, the diameter and length of the fruits and calyx were recorded using the non-destructive method by a digital caliper on the tree. Next fruit samples were randomly taken from the trees to determine fresh and dry weight. Furthermore, by using the metrological data, the thermal requirement based on the growth degree day (GDD) has been determined from April until harvest day. The effective heat requirement for Shishe-Kab cultivar that was calculated from blooming to reach maturity was 2560.95. The highest cumulative temperature was recorded in the commercial harvest date. By receiving this degree day, fruit reached the highest fresh and dry weight, length and also diameter at the end of growing season. The results indicated that all fruit characteristics significantly increased from the first recording day till the end, except the ratio of fruit length to diameter. A slight decrease in growth rate was presented in fruit diameter and length, which was concomitant with their seed hardening. Results showed that calyx diameter and length of pomegranate fruit has a slow continues liner growth pattern, fruit length and diameter exhibited a double sigmoid growth curve, while the fresh and dry weight followed a single sigmoidal curve. By determining the fruit growth pattern under climatic conditions, it is possible to determine the length of growing season and the critical stages of growth for proper management in the garden.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Evaluate germination and seedling growth of three cultivars of fennel under diatomite and soil management
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2019-12-20) Shahrajabian, M.H.; Khoshkharam, M.; Sun, W.; Cheng, Q.
Fennel is a plant belonging to the Apiacea (Umbelliferae) family, and used by humans for a long time for medicinal purposes. In order to evaluate the influence of different materials on germination and seedling growth of three cultivars of fennel, an experiment was conducted in 2018. The cultivars of fennel were Isfahan, Yazd, and Shiraz in main plots, and three materials including 100% soil, 50% diatomite + 50% soil, and 100% diatomite in subplots, were analyzed in a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design (CRBD) with three replications. The highest total germination percentage, coefficient of velocity of germination, epicotile length, fresh epicotile weight and dry epicotile weight was related to Isfahan. The maximum speed of germination, mean germination time, fresh length and dry leaf weight was achieved in Shiraz cultivar. The higher values of total germination percentage, speed of germination and mean germination time were related to 100% soil, while application of 50% of soil + 50% of diatomite had obtained the maximum values of radicle length, epicotile length, fresh epicotile weight, dry leaf weight and dry epicotile weight. The maximum values of coefficient of velocity of germination and fresh leaf weight was achieved in application of 100% diatomite. It seems that application of 50% soil + 50% diatomite and Isfahan and Shiraz cultivars have a great potential of seed germination of seedling growth.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Evaluation of different strategies for induction of chilling tolerance in spring maize using moringa leaf extracts
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iasi, 2019-12-20) Junaid, M.B.; Alderfasi, A.A.; Afzal, I.; Wajid, H.A.; Mahmood, A.
Spring maize is highly sensitive to low temperatures during the early development of seedlings and to high temperatures during its reproductive stage. Different strategies are being used to minimize the adverse effects of temperature extremes. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to enhance the performance of spring hybrid maize by seed priming (3% MLE) and transplanting 20 and 30-day-old seedlings. Seed priming with moringa leaf extract (MLE) significantly enhanced stand establishment in both direct sowing and in transplanting, as indicated by the higher emergence percentage, emergence index, and lower time taken to start of emergence and mean emergence time. Minimum days from sowing to tasseling and silking were found in MLE primed 20-day-old seedlings grown in a nursery. However, all the agronomic parameters increased considerably with MLE priming of 20-day-old seedlings. Thus, MLE priming reduced chilling damage by improving stand establishment, whereas transplanting 20-day-old seedlings further enhanced the agronomic traits, yield, and quality of maize. However, the performance of maize plants from 30-day-old transplanted seedling and direct sowing was substandard.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Does concoction of organic and inorganic fertilization have potential to enhance wheat yield?
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2019-12-20) Jamal, A.; Muhammad, D.; Fawad, M.
Soil fertility and maximum crop production can only be achieved through proper fertilization. Proper and balanced fertilization have a considerably positive effect on plant growth and yield. Due to continuous use of chemical fertilizers, the organic matter and nutrient content of the soil decreased gradually. Therefore, in modern era, agriculture scientists are now engaged to establish an agricultural system, which can not only lower the production cost, but also conserve the natural resources. Soil, as a source of nutrients, must be protected from various kinds of external factors, especially from the addition of fertilizers in excessive rates. Any degradation in the quality of soil can significantly produce many undesirable changes in the environment and also reduces the overall crop yield. So, the concoction of organic and inorganic fertilization is an alternative and most effective method for sustainable and cost-effective management for maximum crop production, without effecting the environment. The Integrated Nutrient Management provides an excellent opportunity not only for sustainability of the soil, but also enhances the overall crop productivity. The present review study was carried out with the main aim to evaluate the role of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on wheat crop production. The outcome of the study concluded that combined application of both organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly improve the wheat crop production, as compared with the sole application of either organic or inorganic fertilizers.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Assessment of combined effect of human feces compost and single superphosphate on the behaviour of wheat production
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2019-12-20) Jamal, A.; Fawad, M.
Application of organic fertilizers in improving soil fertility has become a major factor that has enabled the world to feed billions of people. However, the required quantities of organic material are enormous, so it becomes necessary to combine different types of fertilizers to feed plants. The effectiveness of human feces compost (HC) alone, as well as in combination with single super phosphate (SSP), was evaluated in the present study. A field experiment was conducted at farmer field located in district Swabi (Pakistan). A total of eight possible treatments combination were arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD), replicated four times. Two levels of human feces compost (HC), including control (HC0: control and HC1: 7.5 t ha-1) and four levels of P, as single superphosphate (SSP), including control (P0: control, P1:40 kg ha-1, P2: 60 kg ha-1 and P3: 90 kg ha-1) were utilized in the experiment. Results revealed that among all the treatments, combined application of SSP at 60 kg ha-1 along with 7.5t ha-1 HC significantly improved the growth, as well as the yield parameters of wheat crop. These results allow saving a half of usually made mineral fertilizer dose for the cultivation of wheat crop. Combined use of HC and SSP were strongly recommended for obtaining maximum wheat yield in the prevailing soil and environmental conditions.

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