2007

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/2605

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Investigation on the etiology of aviary paratiphosis
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-03-30) Hîrșu, Doina-Anca; Perianu, Tudor; Tanase, Irina-Oana; Pavli, Constantin
The increasing role played by domestic and wild fowls in infecting human food has determined us to carry out a study on the etiology and frequency of paratiphic infections in fowls. A number of 102 fowls were necropsied, of which 43 from the A enterprise and 61 from the B enterprise. In the A enterprise, 18 fowls (43.9%) have been diagnosed positively, in comparison with the B enterprise with 22 positively diagnosed fowls (36.06%). The bacteriological determinations, performed from ovarian follicles, resulted in nine Salmonella enteritidis strains and three Salmonella typhimurium strains, in comparison with liver determination that revealed two (9.07%) Salmonella enteritidis strains and one (4.58%) Salmonella typhimurium strain.
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The nuclei of the hypothalamus in cow
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-01-12) Cotea, Corneliu; Oprean, Octavian-Zaharie; Boișteanu, Paul-Corneliu; Solcan, Carmen; Cotea, I.
As a research material we have used the hypothalamo-hypophyseal complexes of 21 cows in the phases of their sexual cycle. From the 21 samples, we have obtained only ten hypothalamico-hypophyseal complexes; in 11 females, the hypothalamus has been obtained separately from the hypophysis, because of the difficulty in getting the complex of the whole. The samples have been fixed in Orth, Carnoy and Helly, led up to paraffin and serially sectioned at 5 μm. We have finally obtained 550 serial sections, stained through the methods Novelli, PAS, Fontana, Steedman-Mowry, Mikami, Bielschowsky, Bodian, Holmes and Nissl. In the cow hypothalamus, we have found the following groups of neurons: anterior (nucleus supraopticus – NSO; nucleus paraventricularis – NPV), middle (nucleus infundibularis), lateral (nucleus hypothalamicus dorsomedialis; nucleus hypotalamicus ventromedialis) and posterior (nucleus periventricularis caudalis; nucleus premamilaris; nucleus corporis mamilaris). The name of the groups was given according to their site, compared to the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal tract. In the walls of the third hypothalamus ventricle in cow the neurons were localized, which elaborated the releasing hormones (RH) for the gonadotrophic hormones. These neurons have structured the nucleus infundibularis of the cow hypothalamus. The neurons were multipolar, with an average size of 10-12 μm, a 5 μm large vesiculous nucleus and nucleolated. In the neuroplasm of the axon hillock, we have found the numerous PAS-positive granules. These granules were positive in Mikami staining, got stained in blue, which demonstrated that they were of polypeptidic nature. FSH-RH and LH-RH are polypeptids and stimulated the secretions of the gonadotrophic hormones in the β-FSH and the γ-LH cells from the cow adenohypophysis.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Kinetics of pumpkin dehydration
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-02-23) Șleagun, Galina; Cernîșev, S.; Popa, Maria; Fiodorov, S.
The paper has studied the effect of drying temperature (50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100ºC) and wind speed (1.3; 1.7; 3.3; 4.1 m/s) on the kinetics of dehydration in pumpkin. The experimental data were satisfactorily fitted to the generalized drying curve model, but closer correlations were achieved after dividing the period of the drying speed decrease in two parts. The drying period was highly affected by air temperature and wind speed during the drying process, while blanching before drying has exerted a negligible influence. The carotenoids content from dried pumpkin was measured and we found that drying at a higher than 70ºC temperature led to their destruction. The carotenoids content in the blanched sample was by 39% higher than in the control.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Prospects of producing rapeseed oil in the Republic of Moldova
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-02-15) Iorga, E.; Popel, Svetlana; Parșacova, Lidia; Draganova, Elena; Pîrgari, Elena
The paper studied the existing technology and equipments for integrated rape processing and producing high quality vegetable oil. For obtaining a maximum productivity in case of oil extraction from rapeseeds, the authors of this paper recommended pressing at cold. The Institute of Food Technologies, together with “Alimentarmas” Joint-Stock Company from the Republic of Moldova, have elaborated a technological regulation concerning the rapeseed oil production, based on modern local and imported equipments, purchased for processing oilproducing plants in the Republic of Moldova.
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Valorization technologies of some horticultural plants with medicinal usage
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-07-06) Beceanu, Dumitru; Niculaua, Marius; Anghel, Roxana-Mihaela
The extraction by maceration in hydro-alcoholic solutions is the oldest method of using alcoholic spirits. Since ancient times, there were concerns on studying the stability of these preparations and finding fakes. We have been studying this problem for many years. The paper presented a specific evolution in time (5 years), according to assortment, from the moment of preparation and during the many years of preservation in airtight glass containers. The extract (g/100 ml) has varied either by diminution (six cases) or by higher values of fresh macerates, but there were two cases of stability, too. The content of soluble dry matter has increased in most of macerates, the cases of unchanged values or diminution being in minority. The colour parameters (luminosity, chromatic, the two coordinates of colour and shade) have evolved differently, giving the possibility of identifying in time the extract authenticity of every species. The determinations done in dynamics have shown the evolution of chemical composition of hydro-alcoholic concentrates, achieved during 5 years. We have also made 18 spectra, in order to study comparatively, the two types of macerates, the fresh ones, prepared in 2007, and the others, preserved for many years (determined in both 2006 and 2007). Determinations are a basis of repeatability and possible identification.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Investigations on the correlations between polyphenol content from red wines and their antioxidant capacity
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-07-02) Cioroi, Maria; Mușat, Carmina-Liana
Wine has been identified as a potentially beneficial health-promoting product, due to its effect on coronary heart disease (the so-called “French-paradox”), on the delay of tumor onset and its high antioxidant activity. These benefits have been ascribed to the phenolic compounds, which are abundant in red wine. This research work showed the relationship between antioxidant capacity and the polyphenol total content of Spanish red wines, sampled from Tierra del Arlanza region from Spain. Wines were analysed for the total phenol content by Folin – Ciocâlteu and Mazza methods. Anthocyans and catechols from selected Spanish red wines were quantified. The antioxidant capacity of wines was pointed out by FRAP and DPPH methods. The results of FRAP and DPPH methods were in accordance with an important number of works from this research field.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Estimation concerning the growth of sweet cherry tres on four rootstocks in nursery
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-05-04) Stachowiak, Al.; Świerczyński, Sł.; Grădinariu, Gică
Kordia and Regina sweet cherry tree cultivars were grafted on Prunus avium, Prunus mahaleb, F 12/1 and Colt rootstocks, by using a T budding method. There was no incompatibility between cultivars and rootstocks in a nursery. According to the diameter of sweet cherry scion, the greatest growth was registered in F 12/1 rootstock and the lowest, in Prunus mahaleb. The cultivars grafted on Colt rootstock had more lateral shoots than the other rootstocks. Sweet cherry tree cultivars grafted on F 12/1 and Colt rootstocks were more compatible than Prunus avium and Prunus mahaleb. The cultivar has influenced only the height and the average length of lateral shoots of sweet cherry scions.
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“Lipids mimetics” with monitorised HLB values and homogenous β-lauryl/myristil (7/3) polyethyleneoxy (n = 0–20) propionic acids in tomatoes and plums
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-07-27) Jianu, Ionel-Călin; Popa, Mirela; Biron, Ramona; Cocan, Ileana; Rujescu, Cristina; Rujescu, Ciprian-Ioan; Jianu, Ionel-Vasile
The aim of the paper was to analyse the possibility of developing the range of fat substitutes (FS) as potential ingredients, or products of foodstuff additives with controlled functioning. The paper focused on the study of the impact of process parameters on esterification and/or transesterification process structure, yields and selectivity. The controlled modification of the polyoxyethylene chain ( n = 0–20) (PEO) allowed us getting polyunsaturated fatty acids from plums (Prunus domestica Damascena) and tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) with favourable impacts on their major colloidal characteristics (dispersants, antifoaming agents, emulsifiers, solubility agents, humectants, etc.). The materials and reactives used in this work were β- lauryl/ miristyl (7/3) polyethylenoxi ( n = 0– 20) propionic acids, different vegetal oils (tomatoes and plum); anhydrous glycerin p.a., strong mineral acid (H2SO4). The lipid fractions obtained and suggested as FS were purified, chemically and physically/chemically characterized, in order to establish the potential use in foodstuff processing. The results were presented in three tables: dependence of the acid value (mg KOH/g product) in the process of esferification of the β-lauryl/miristyl (7/3) polyethylenoxy ( n = 0–20) propionic acids and of their esters, in relation to temperature, in acid catalysis; dependence of the acid value (mg KOH/g product) in the process of esferification of the β-lauryl/miristyl (7/3) polyethylenoxy ( n = 0–20) propionic acids and of their esters in relation to the molar ratio glycerin/ acid; dependence of the acid value (mg KOH /g product) in the process of esferification of the β-lauryl/ miristyl (7/3) polyethylenoxy ( n = 0–20) propionic acids and of their esters, related to time processing.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Remarks on plants indicating soil characteristics
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-05-28) Filipov, Feodor; Slonovschi, V.
Soil formation is a process of biological nature, because humus, the specific and fundamental soil component, is organic. Soil mapping required the knowledge of soil classification, climate, rock relief and plant species from canopy, which determined the soil formation and evolution. The flower habitat is the most important element from the point of view of soil mapping, because it allows getting practical and synthesis deductions of zonal, interzonal and azonal soil distribution. Frequently, in soil mapping, they specify only the genus of dominant plants (for instance, Festuca sp.and Carex sp.), without the species. For the classification of plants from the spontaneous flora, it is necessary to specify both the species of plants found in the studied habitat and their abundance and dominance. The paper presents only a few plant species belonging to the same genus, which developed on certain soil types with different characteristics.
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The effect of different fertilization systems on wheat yield, erosion and fertility of eroded soils from the Moldavian Plateau
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-08-03) Ailincăi, Costică; Ailincăi, Despina; Zbanț, Maria; Mercuș, Adrian; Țopa, Denis-Constantin; Cara, Mihai
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Pharmacoclinical observations on the evolution of cardiovascular variables and acid-base balance under the combination of acepromazine-morphine in dog
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-01-25) Năstasă, Valentin; Roșca, Petru
The paper investigated the intensity of the main cardiorespiratory values, which were modified in the case of acepromazine-morphine anaesthesia in dog. The study was carried out on 16 dogs, in which the tension of blood gases was checked. The level of sedations was measured by taking into consideration the awareness degree and how long they were able to keep their lateral position. The sedation degree was present at a rate of 23% after using acepromazine (0.4 kg/kc; level 1), 89% after injecting intravenously the morphine (0.02 mg/kc; level 2) and of 100%, after 0.2 mg/kc morphine, which did not produce significant statistical modifications on the values of hemodynamic function. Our experiments have shown that the dose interval, comprised between 0.2 and 0.5 mg/kc of acepromazine, combined with 0.02-0.2 mg/kc morphine, proved to have satisfying effect.
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The diminution of sterygmatocystin toxicity by the antiradical action of some flavonoid- containing plant products
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-05-31) Prisăcaru, Cornelia; Burlacu, Anca-Irina
Sterigmatocystin is a bifuran mycotoxin, structurally related to aflatoxins, which has a high incidence in plant products from the temperate-continental zone. The present study is part of a more ample experiment that deals with the reduction of this mycotoxin toxicity, which has been included in the first degree carcinogenic category. Taking into account the hypothesis that sterigmatocystin behaves as a free radical coming from epoxysterigmatocystin, the experiment pointed out the use of some pharmaceutical preparations containing Hippophäe rhamnoides. The experiment included four groups of five white rats, each. The first group was the control one, while the second one served for the experimental reproduction of chronic sterigmatocystin intoxication. Besides the sterigmatocystin dose, the animals from the third group were given ascorbic acid, a non-enzymatic antioxidant. The fourth group was treated with Hippophäe fructus, along with the sterigmatocystin dose. The animals were then slaughtered, and the blood was used for biochemical investigations with important relevance upon the hepatic function and integrity. The investigated hepatic cytolysis indices, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase from blood samples emphasized a significant improvement of the liver integrity for the group of animals treated with Hippophäe fructus. The results obtained for the biochemical parameters accountable for the liver proteosynthetic capacity (acetyl cholinesterase and total protein) did not suggest an efficient protective effect of the investigated plant preparation. Plant preparations containing Hipophäe rhamnoides exerted a positive effect on liver integrity, while its benefits on the proteosynthetic function of the liver were insignificant.
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Determination of bacterial species pathogenicity involved in egg incubation pathology
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2006-12-12) Ciocîrlan, Emilia; Perianu, Tudor; Tanase, Irina-Oana; Pavli, Constantin
For 73 bacterial strains, represented by Proteus vulgaris (21 strains), Escherichia coli (29), Staphilococus aureus (29) and Salmonella typhimurium (5), isolated from embryos and chickens dead after hatching, we have determined in vivo pathogenicity. The culture medium incubated for 24 hours was inoculated intraperitoneally in mice. From the 73 bacterial strains, 52 of them (65.77%) proved to be pathogenic, which killed mice, according to the bacterial strain, during 18-72 hours, while 25 strains (34.23%) were not pathogenic. In some bacterial strains without pathogenicity, inoculated in mixture (Proteus vulgaris + Escherichia coli and Proteus + Staphilococcus aureus), we noticed a synergic reaction expressed through pathogenicity in mice.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Influence of dehydration technologies on dried tomato biological quality and value
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-02-01) Cernîșev, S.; Șleagun, Galina
This paper focused upon the influence of drying technologies on contents and changes of bio-active compounds (lycopene, β-carotene, vitamin C), antioxidant properties, colour and content of HMF. As research demonstrated, lycopene was hardly destroyed during drying. Heat treatment of fresh produces, containing lycopene, has increased its bioassimilation. Acid ascorbic is one of the most thermosensitive components. Its losses have increased at the same time with temperature increase. Browning of tomatoes during drying was proportional to accumulation of HMF. The antioxidant activity of dried tomatoes depended on heat treatment, ascorbic acid destruction and antioxidant (melanoidins, flavonols) formation.
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Sweet sorghum ̶ natural sweetener for foods
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-02-05) Pîrgari, Elena
The paper pointed out the advantages of using natural sweeteners, as well as their utilization mode and conditions. The technological conditions of juice production and the existing possibilities for processing sweet sorghum by food industry were described. In the paper, they presented the results of research on developing the technology of sweet sorghum production and of food products, based on varieties of sweet sorghum with a high content of carbohydrates: drinks, jellies and biscuits.
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Fresh and processed exotic products traded in the City of Iaşi
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-05-04) Beceanu, Dumitru; Anghel, Roxana-Mihaela
The offer of fresh fruits and vegetables (in less number) and processed under different forms (stews, juices, nectars, concentrates, sterilized in water or pickle) has become more attractive, since 2005, in the important supermarkets from the Iasi City. After the adhesion to the European Union, these products became more accessible and diverse as assortment.
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Aspects on the variation of certain physical-chemical indices during must alcoholic fermentation
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-04-12) Odăgeriu, Gheorghe; Neacșu, I.; Găină, Boris; Niculaua, Marius; Zamfir, Cătălin-Ioan; Stoica, G.
The paper presented data concerning the variation of physical-chemical indices during must alcoholic fermentation: DM – soluble dry matter, pH – real acidity, ITP – index of total polyphenols, χ–conductivity, TDS – total dissolved substances, Eh–redox potential, rH– index of Eh quantification. In relation to the values of these indices, we have investigated the evolution of main composition characteristics, respectively reducing sugars, alcohol, total acidity, volatile acidity and total phenolic compounds. The experiments have been conducted on two musts obtained from white varieties (Muscat Ottonel and Sauvignon) from the Vine Growing Centre of Copou-Iaşi and on marc obtained from two red varieties (Fetească neagră and Băbească neagră), from the Vine Growing Centre of Uricani, Iaşi vineyard, vintage of year 2006. White musts were obtained by grape crushing, removal of berries from cluster and by pressing the marc resulted at primary grape processing. Marc obtained from black varieties has been submitted to maceration-fermentation for 120 h, then the must-wine mixture continued its fermentation until sugar finishing. Determinations have pointed out a variation in time of the values of studied indices, according to the oenological potential of each variety and the used technology. According to these variations of the values of studied indices, one may find that after a certain period of time (72 hours), a change took place in the equilibrium condition of the compounds formed during the fermentation process, especially of those involved in the insolubilization of tartaric salts; this aspect was also supported by the evolution of the values of conductivity, of redox potential and TDS, especially in white wines.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Apple tree growth and mineral elements content from the leaves of grafted apple trees, cultivated in a nursery, and the influence of chemical treatments
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-03-23) Świerczyński, Sł.; Stachowiak, Al.; Grădinariu, Gică
We have compared the effect of four chemical treatments on fruit tree growth and mineral elements content from the leaves of two cultivars of grafted apple trees. The used foliar fertilizers have not significantly influenced the results of the growth of grafted fruit trees. However, they have considerably increased the number of flower buds and dwarf shoots of “Idared” cultivar. The Paturyl product has significantly increased the number of long shoots of “Jonagold” cultivar and the dwarf shoots of “Idared”, compared to the control. At the same time, it did not initiate the formation of flower buds. The effect of chemical treatments, applied through the foliage, on the content of mineral elements in the leaves of grafted apple trees was diverse.
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The behaviour of some native and foreign maize hybrids to the attack of pests and pathogenic agents, under conditions of chemically treated seed
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2006-12-15) Hatman, Mircea; Iacob, Viorica; Săpunaru, Tănase; Mihai, Tr.; Aonofriesei, Luminița
The paper presents the results of experimental studies conducted in 2003 at the Agricultural Research and Development Station of Podu-Iloaiei, Iaşi County, on the behaviour of some native and foreign maize hybrids, to the attack of pathogenic agents and pests, under conditions of using untreated and chemically treated seed. A good resistance to the attack of pathogenic agents was found in hybrids Turda 198 and Turda 200, with a very good sprouting (F=93%) and a good resistance to the attack of pests. From the foreign maize hybrids with treated seeds, the Pelican hybrid has shown a good sprouting and a high resistance to the attack of diseases and pests. The comparative analysis of the behaviour of native and foreign maize hybrids to the attack of pests and pathogenic agents has shown a better sprouting (80.75%) in the 10 native hybrids, compared to the eight foreign hybrids (68.62%), an efficiency of seed treatment with higher values in native hybrids, and the diminution of the pest and pathogen attack (Gibberella fujikuroi, Sorosporium holci-sorghi, Ustilago maydis, Agriotes spp.,and Ostrinia nubilalis).
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Investigations on the influence of crop rotation and organo-mineral fertilization on maize yield and physicalchemical characteristics of cambic chernozem in the Moldavian Plain
("Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 2007-02-10) Ailincăi, Costică; Ailincăi, Despina; Zbanț, Maria; Mercuș, Adrian; Țopa, Denis-Constantin; Cara, Mihai
The paper presented the results of investigations concerning the influence of long-term fertilization (39 years) on some physical and chemical characteristics of Cambic Chernozem from the Moldavian Plain and on the yield of maize, placed under different crop rotations with perennial grasses and legumes. The 39 year use of the crop rotation peaswheat- maize-sunflower+reserve field, cultivated with perennial grasses and legumes, has resulted in getting maize yield increase of 29% (1312 kg/ha), in comparison with maize continuous cropping. On slope lands, the high rate fertilization of maize crop (N140P100) has determined, in the latest ten years, an average yield increase of 93% (3086 kg/ha), against the control, and applying a rate of N60P40+30 t/ha manure resulted in getting a very close yield increase (95%, 3156 kg/ha). The long-term use of 4-year crop rotation + field cultivated with perennial grasses and legumes has determined a maize yield increase of 16 %, respectively, 800 kg/ha, and the improvement of physical and chemical characteristics of soil. In maize crop, fertilized with N60P40+30 t/ha manure, the rate of greater than 0.25 mm hydrostable aggregates was higher by 26%, against the control; placing maize in crop rotations with perennial grasses and legumes has resulted in increasing by 30% the rate of hydrostable aggregates, compared to maize continuous cropping. The 39 year use of 3 and 4-year crop rotations, which had perennial grasses and legumes in the crop structure, has determined the increase in the content of total carbon and mobile phosphorus from soil by 10% (1.7 C g/kg), respectively, 31% (11.8 P-AL mg/kg), in comparison with maize continuous cropping. A minimum supply level of mobile phosphorus in soil (37-72 ppm) in maize continuous cropping (39 ppm) and wheat-maize rotation (37 ppm) was maintained in case of annual application of a rate of N100P80. The total carbon content in Cambic Chernozem from the Moldavian Plain has registered significant increases at higher rates than N140P100, in case of organo-mineral fertilization and 4-year crop rotation + reserve field cultivated with perennial grasses and legumes. In maize continuous cropping and wheat-maize rotation, very significant values of the carbon content were registered only in case of organo-mineral fertilization, and in 4-year crop rotation + reserve field, cultivated with perennial legumes, in case of N140P100 fertilization.

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