2018

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/503

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 56

listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Resistance particularities and curling of the curls at the Moldavian Karakul lambs
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Buzu, I.
The purpose of this scientific paper was to focus on the peculiarities of resistance and rolling of curls at the Moldavian Karakul lambs, and to reveal the relations of these attributes with other qualities and characteristics of the skin for the improvement of the lamb selection procedures of the requested type. The scientific researches were carried out on the lots of Moldavian Karakul lambs from the ewe flock of Experimental House „Tevit” of the National Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine (INZMV) from Maximovca village, Anenii Noi district and Agricultural Production Cooperative (APC) "Agrosargal" from the Sarata Galbena village, Hânceşti district. The nonparametric properties of the curl have been researched according to the methods elaborated or perfected by us, in accordance with the Karakul ewe Guidelines for Breeding with the amelioration principles in the Republic of Moldova. It was found that with the increase of the length of the curls from the short to the very long category, increases the share of lambs with excellent resistance from 3.9% to 100% or by 96.1% (td = 36.7; P < 0.001) and, at the same time, lowers the low lame weight with low and insufficient curls strengths from 85.7% to 0.0% (td = 6.0; P <0.001). With the increase in the degree of silkiness of the sheathing of lambs from reduced to excellent, the overall weight of individuals with the excellent and suitable curls strength is significantly increased from 46.3% to 91.7% or by 45.4% (td = 9.2; P < 0.001). For lambs with jacket curl type, the mixed (59.5%) and cranial (32.5%) of curls rolling direction is characteristic. For the lambs with the flat and coastal curl type it is characteristic the caudal direction of curls rolling (92.4 and 95.0% of the cases). Lambs with the type of kaukasian curl have, for their part, an indeterminable direction (60.8%) of curls rolling. It is considered that the lower degree of laughter in lamb is more advantageous because it offers the possibility of retaining the lamb for a few days (4-5 days) before slaughter until the degree of ablation reaches 10-11 points. During this time, the surface of the skin and the body mass of the lamb will increase, which leads to the obtaining of the economic benefits. The most desired degree of rolling at birth is considered to be 5-7, while grade 10-11 already indicates the need to slaughter the lamb. Finding that the degree of the curls rolling increases daily by 0.3 points and the lamb can be retained until reaching 10.5 points, we have determined that lambs with jacket curl can be detained up to at slaughter for 1-2 days, those with the type of coastal curl 4-5 days, those with the type of flat curl 6-7 days, and those with the kaukasian curl require urgent slaughter. As a result of the research, the following conclusions were deduced: the strength and elasticity of the curls at the Moldavian Karakul lambs is in a phenotypical correlation positive and evident with the length of the curls, the fibres density and the density of the skin, and, at the same time, negative with the length of the fibres. The best resistance of the curls is found at the lambs with valuable, long and very long curls, with short and med. long fibres, with excellent and suitable silk, with supple and dense skin; The direction of curl abutment is in positive correlation with the type of modelling, with the qualities of the fibres, especially with their silk and gloss. So, the better the qualities of the hairpiece, the more the rolling direction of the curls is more valuable - to the head, tail or mixed (sinusoidal); The rolling degree of the curls is in a genetically negative (but beneficial for selection) relationship with the type of curl and the lamb class at the evaluation. The smallest degrees (but, desired - 6 and 7 points) are recorded in lambs with med. and large curls, with flat, costal, and jacket type of curl. The highest degree of rolling (undesired - 12 points) was recorded at lambs of class II with the type of kaukasian curl; The knowledge of the resistance and elasticity relationships, as well as curling of the curl with a string of other characters of the curls and hair fibres allowed the selection of the most valuable lambs in the breeding lots of the new sheep type Moldavian Karakul. Key words: Peculiarities, resistance, elasticity, curling, curl, Moldavian Karakul
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Channel patterns and margin marketing analysis of slaughter drakes
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Dawan, Taslim; Darana, Sjafril
The Research was carried out at businesses slaughter drakes zone in Subang district, West Java, Indonesia, where all of the animal product marketing were sent to Jakarta city mostly. The aim of this study is to know the channel patterns and margin marketing analysis, and which one is the efficient of farmer share value. Census method was used to the slaughter drakes agents, and the data were obtained through interview techniques, and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the channel patterns consists of several types: a) firstly from farmer to collector traders, the retailers and end to customers, b) secondly, from farmer to wholesalers, then retailers, and end to consumers, and c) The thirdly, from farmers straight to wholesalers then agency as retailers and end to consumers. The result of margin total come from the firstly marketing channel type (a) Rp 9,916.67per tail, the seccondly (b) 9,666.67 per tail and the thirdly (c) Rp 12,166.67 per tail slaughterdrakes. The most efficient marketing come from the secondly channel (b), with the highest farmer share value is 75.63 percent.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Study on the dairy cows breeding in farms from the eastern cross-border area of Romania
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Maciuc, Vasile; Korlyuk, S.; Tarasenko, Ludmila; Nistor, Cătălin-Emilian
The paper was meant to be an analysis of the actual number of bovines, type and size of holdings, technical endowment of the holdings, as well as the welfare norms of the animals in the Romanian cross-border area. The research took place between 2013 and 2015 in the Romanian, Ukrainian and Republic of Moldova cross-border area. The situation of the shelters in the Romanian cross-border area is the following: 5.6% of the holdings have accommodation spaces for one animal; 31.34% of the holdings have accommodation spaces for two animals (adult animal + youth); 3.7 % of the holdings have accommodation spaces for three animals (adults + youth); 1.98% of the holdings have accommodation spaces for four animals; 0.8 % of the holdings have accommodation spaces for five animals; 36.06 % of the holdings have accommodation spaces for adult + youth bovines and for equines; 21.11% of the holdings have accommodation spaces for bovines (adults + youth), ovine and swine. Among the 26 districts of the Odessa region, Ukraine, the number of cattle’s registered a slight increase in only 12 districts, with a decreasing number at the level of the total cross-border area. In the Republic of Moldova, the number of bovines for all categories of farms decreased. If on January 1st 2006 the total number represented 311 thousand pieces, including 217 thousand cows, on January 1st 2013 there were 191 thousand, respectively 134 thousand pieces or 38.5 respectively 38.2 % less. Situation in the agricultural sector in similar. The reduction of the total number of bovines, as well as of the total number of cows represented 50%. Starting with 2008, when referring to farms, we can mention an increasing trend of the complement of bovines, increased by 2.5 times on January 1st 2013 both for the total number, as well as for the number of cows. As regards the population’s farms, which comprise most of the complement, this decreases from year to year, from 291 thousands in 2006 to 180 thousands in 2013 or by 38.2%, including cows, from 209 thousands to 130 thousands or by 37.8%. We hereby ascertain that both in the Romanian cross-border area and in the Ukrainian and Republic of Moldova cross-border area, the assignment of the factors of production in the analyzed farms, of high or family-type complements, is under the actual need, as the current conditions, mainly the financial conditions, only allow the use of certain factors of production (race, fodder). If in Romania European financing contributed to the performance improvement, farmers in Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova face high deficiencies.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Resistance and productive qualities of pigs when used RBS and Immunolac
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Cherniy, N.; Machula, Olga; Tkachuk, Elena; Rud, Valentina; Schepetilnikov, Y.
The purpose of the research was to study the effect of stimulating drugs - the regenerating biological stimulant (RBS) and Immunolac on the resistance of pigs and their productive qualities. The hygienic, clinical, biochemical, immunological, veterinary, zootechnical methods and methods of variation statistics were used to reach the goal. The piglets of 1-60-day age of Large White breed and Landrace hybrids were used as an object for the experiment. The blood and blood serum, immunological (CIC, T- and -B-lymphocytes) humoral (BASK, LASK), cellular indices (FAN and FCH) and the parameters of live weight were the subject of the study. The choice of the object for the research was determined by the lack of the data on the use of RBS and Immunolac for the pigs and the effect of the above preparations on the health and immunological status of the pigs. By the results of the experiment it has been found out that when piglets are grown in the conditions of uncontrolled microclimate without the use of the drugs their genetic productive potential is not fully realized, the above preparations do not cause immunosuppression, they are harmless at doses of 0,05 ml/kg of body weight, they improve general condition of the pigs and do not cause any changes that indicate about pathological condition and growth depression.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Growth performance of young quails exploited for meat
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Costăchescu, D.; Boişteanu, Paul-Corneliu; Hoha, Gabriel
The research was carried on a population of Faraon quail, raised in a private farm. The following parameters were followed: incubation and hatching, chicken body weight development, feed consumption during the growing season, adult performance over the exploitation period, and sacrificeing results for the youth. Individual gain during growth varied by age, being between 1-10 days 38.5g and during the 1-56 days 258.4g. Consumption of feed for the whole analyzed period was 2492.5g and individually of 614.35g. The average weight of adult quail averaged 338.5g and males of 314.3g. At the sacrifice of the youth for meat, at nine weeks, the performance differed by gender, so slaughter yield in females was 80.5% and 72.01% in males. On the anatomy of the breast and thigh prevailed that represented in percentage between 32.5 to 47.2% of the housing.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Testing of the nutrient supplement enriched with biomass of aquatic algae Scenedesmus apiculatus in the bee's feed
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Cebotari, Valentina; Buzu, I.; Postolachi, Olga; Gliga, Olesea; Granciuc, N.
The purpose of this study was to test in the bee's feed the biomass of aquatic microalgae Scenedesmus apiculatus, hereinafter referred to as bioactive supplement "Scenecuadri" and elaboration on its basis of a process of feeding of bee families during the end of winter and start of spring (february-march), poor harvesting period in nature. The researches were conducted on the Apis mellifera Carpatica bee families at the experimental apiary of the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences. For testing of biomass in bee's feed at the end of February, they were formed three batches of bees families, to which once for each frame with bees were administered 200 g of nutritional paste, prepared by mixing the powdered sugar with honey in proportion 7:3. The batch I - control, bees have received only nutritional paste, prepared by mixing the powdered sugar with honey. The batch II - the bees have received paste enriched with nutritional supplement „Apispir+Zn” in quantity of 200 mg of active substance per 1 kg of paste. The batch III - bees have received nutritional paste enriched with bioactive supplement „Apiculatus” in a quantity equivalent to 200 mg of dry substance per 1 kg of paste. Research results have shown that feeding of bee families with nutritional supplement enriched with biomass of aquatic microalgae S. apiculatus help to increase, compared to the control batch, queen prolificacy up to 164 eggs or 10,3% (td=5.2; P<0.001), the amount of capped brood with 17.8 hundreds cells or 9.3% (td=4.7; P<0.001), family power with 0.23 kg or 7.1% (td=3.0; P<0.01), resistance to disease by 3.4 points or 3.8% (td=3.6; P<0.01), brood viability with 1.2 points or 1.3% (td=2.9; P<0.01) the amount of bee bread accumulated in nest with 24.9 hundreds cells or 27.6% (td=8.4; P<0.001), the amount of wax increased by 0.11 kg or 36.7% (td=5.0; P<0.001) and the amount of honey at first harvesting with 4.18 kg or 38.9% (td=9.9; P<0.001). The result is due to increasing nutrient assimilation and accessibility of biomass, given the fact that the micro S. apiculatus is covered with a thin protective membrane and the biomass is rich in biologically active substances, in particular proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, essential amino acids, micro - and macro elements, antioxidants (β-carotene), which have a catalytic role in the metabolism of substances nitrogenous to worker bees, participates in the synthesis of enzymes, improves the vital activity of bees, with direct influences on their flight intensity, activating nectar and pollen harvesting functions, as well as secretory functions of wax glands, stimulates the functions of reproductive system of the queen, activating ovogenesis and egg-laying. All of this mostly determines the power of bee families, their capacity to accumulate precursors of beekeepers' products (nectar, pollen) and their productive potential as a whole.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The reproductive capacity indicators in according to the season and of the level of milk production of the cows’ population of Black-Spotted breed
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Granaci, Vera; Pîrlog, Alisa
The dynamics of indicators of the reproductive capacity in according to the photoperiodicity and of the milk production level of cows population of black-spotted breed was studded. In order to characterize the effect of the season and of the level of milk production on the reproductive capacity indicators of cows there were examined their individual cards, the data of the primary zootechnical records and reporting, there were also carried out own researches (control milk yields and the determination of fat content in the milk). It was established that both factors: season of the year) so as level of milk production) affect the indicators of the reproductive capacity. The main indicators of the reproductive capacity of the studied cows’ population react differently to the season of the year. The highest indicators of the service period duration, of the estrus intensity and of the character of birth processes are observed in the spring and summer months. The coefficient of cows’ fertilization after the first insemination is higher in autumn. The indicators of the reproductive capacity of the cows from the analyzed population are significantly reduced, starting with 7000 kg of milk. The most problematic on a farm is the reproduction of cows exceeding the level of productivity above 7000 kg of milk per lactation.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Geographic and genetic features of the dehumification of the Ukraine steppe zone soil
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Korliuk, S.; Mykhailiuk, V.
Comparative analysis of modern researches and materials of Ukraine steppe zone soil largescale surveys, conducted by Professor Nabokikh O.G. in 1914-1915 years, showed the significant differences in the current humus state of soils as compared with the humus state in the beginning of the XXth century. At the same time, the data of modern agrochemical monitoring point to that there was a rapid decrease in the humus content in the soils of southwestern Ukraine in the 1990 to 2000 period, which was caused by a violation of the dynamic equilibrium between the intake of organic substances (a decrease in the norms of organic fertilizers) and the destruction of humus as a result of the agricultural use. At the present time, the new quasi-equilibrium humus state of the soils has been formed in accordance with modern agro-ecological conditions.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Natural resistance of pigs to different abiotic factors
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Cherniy, N.; Mitrofanov, Al.; Machula, Olga; Tarasenko, Ludmila
The article summarizes our own research and the publications on the importance of hygiene sanitary and technological factors to ensure disease prevention, to increase the resistance and productivity of pigs. The emphasis has been done not on the treatment but on the prevention of swine diseases due to the optimization of the standards of hygienic parameters, tolerated permissible concentrations of substances in the environment, their influence not only on the processes of thermoregulation in the body and body adaptation but also to the increase in the resistance of the body to infectious agents. Due to non-observance of the rules of hygiene and sanitation, feeding and drinking regimes in the pig-breeding enterprises, the annual death of animals exceeds 25%, the diseases of the digestive tract are registered in 40-50%, respiratory diseases - in 25-30% of cases. Growth retardation is registered in the young animals, the durability does not exceed 83.2-85.6%. High indoor air humidity should be considered as a factor of importance in the etiopathogenesis of respiratory diseases and temperature changes - as a factor to prevent hyperthermia and hypoglycemia. The increase in the efficiency of the work in pig-breeding complexes can be achieved: - firstly, due to the decrease in the influence of environmental factors having the negative impact on the development of swine immunity; secondly, due to the elimination of negatively acting agents from the external environment and the strengthening of factors that increase the resistance of the body; thirdly, due to the development of nonspecific immunostimulants and their rational use in the pig - breeding practice.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Evaluation of the post-closure contamination degree in the broiler of herbal
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Hriscu Ursu, Elena; Ismană Ciobotaru, Irina-Elena; Usturoi, Marius-Giorgi
The study was conducted on two growing farms, from which 80 samples (one day old chicks) were taken, half in the hot season and half in the cold season; practically, 40 samples were collected per season (2 popular series x 40 samples / season, ie 80 samples in the two seasons of two different farms). Parameters analyzed were: Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. Using the national, standardized, validated and accredited RENAR working methods. Detection and isolation of bacterial strains was done on liquid and solid culture media for pre-enrichment, enrichment, isolation and biochemical identification. For confirmation, mini-API galleries specific to each category of bacteria were also used: Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli ID 32 E; for Staphylococcus spp - galleries ID 32 STAPH and for Streptococcus spp - rapid ID 32 STREP. From 40 samples analyzed in the summer season, the two growing farms resulted in 85% contaminated samples. From the winter season, we examined 40 samples from the same growing farms and resulted in 10% of the contaminated samples. From the analyzes performed, it emerged that day-old chicks were contaminated with the same types of bacterial strains, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus spp., From both growing farms. The highest incidence was with the Escherichia coli strain, at a rate of 70%; And the strains of Staphylococcus spp were found to be 25%.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Biochemical diagnostics of osteodystrophy of goats
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Maslak, Y.; Mitrofanov, O.; Sobakar, A.
The purpose of this study was to research comparative analysis of data that have been obtained after clinical examination of goats and analysis of biochemical research of the level of metabolites of bone tissue metabolism in blood serum and urine for determination of criteria at diagnostics of osteodystrophy. The material of the study consisted of 20 adult goats. Diagnosis of was made according to physical examination of goats and analysis of biochemical research of the level of metabolites of bone tissue metabolism in blood serum and urine. Activity of aminotransferase (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase) and alkaline phosphatase and also concentration of glycoproteins (GP), chondroitin sulfate, fractional content of glucosaminoglycans, content of total and ionized calcium were assessed in blood serum. The content of hydroxyproline and total uronic acid were analyzed in urine. Comparative analysis of total clinical status of goats and level of biochemical components in blood serum and urine that characterize the state of connective tissue at diagnostics of osteodystrophy was conducted. The intergroup significant differences of some biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, chondroitin sulfate, fraction IІ mucopolysaccharides, sum of fractions glucosaminoglycans) were determined. Further investigation must be conducted to determine the biochemical parameters in goat with subclinical signs of osteodystrophy.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The genetic structure of lacto-proteins at Karakul sheep
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Evtodienco, Silvia; Mashner, O.; Petcu, Valentina; Chiţanu, Ana
Sheep farmers in Moldova pay particular attention to milk production. This is economically motivated. Regardless of race and destination, all the sheep are milked, and the obtained milk is processed by artisanal methods. The study of the genetic structure of lacto-proteins allows homozygous (BB) animals to be identified in the kappa-casein locus, which, according to the bibliographic data, have an increased yield in the manufacture of cheeses. Research on the "Botnari V.Gh." farm showed that from 75 of milking sheep 3 sheep or 4.0% are holders of homozygous alleles BB, 10 or 13.3% heterozygous alleles of AB and 62 or 82.7% of AA alleles. According to the chemical analysis of the milk, it was found that the sheep with the genotype BB exceeded those with the genotype AA by the amount of: fat with 21.9%, proteins with 19.04%, including casein 22.7%, lactose with 5.9 % (P<0.001) and serum proteins with 7.6% (P <0.01). Sheep with heterozygous genotype AB also genuinely exceed those with AA genotype by the amount of fat with 12.3%, protein with 10.6%, casein with 12.3% (P <0.001) serum protein with 5.4% (P <0.01). In order to increase in flock the number of sheep with the homozygous alleles BB and heterozigote AB were selected from the sheep- mothers the possessors of these alleles, 4 gray lambs for breeding and reproduction, which will allow to increase the weight of sheep with the required genotype.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The general view of buffalo breeding in Aydin province in Turkey
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Manav, S.; Yılmaz, M.; Çağlı, A.; Koç, A.
According to FAO statistics (United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization) buffalo number has doubled globally in the latest half century. However, the same statistics reveal that the buffalo number has declined tragically to 142.000 heads in 2016 while 1.140.000 buffalos existed in 1961 in Turkey. In this study, a survey, which was conducted in buffalo breeding farmers in the Aydin Province situated in Aegean Region in Turkey, was evaluated with its results in order to determine the general state of buffalo breeding in the region. According to the survey results, it was realized that 75% of the buffalo breeding farmers have been doing this business as family breeding traditionally, 53.85 % of them as the main source of income and the rest as supplementary. The average animal number per farm is 12 heads, and the maximum number is 28 heads. Average daily milk yield of buffalos is 5-6 liters. One kg buffalo cream is produced from 5.5- 6 liters milk. The general target of buffalo breeding is to produce buffalo cream. In producing buffalo cream, traditional methods are used. The average price of a kilo of buffalo cream is about 10.9-12.13 Euros. The numbers of buffalos and buffalo breeding have been decreasing in Aydin Province day by day, as well as in Turkey. At the end of this study, it was determined that the main source of income in the farms doing buffalo breeding for long years had been the buffalo cream. The only markets of this buffalo cream were seen to be the few Turkish pizza restaurants in the environment.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Amelioration of the karakul sheep race in different areas and countries of the world
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Buzu, I.
The purpose of this paper was the comparative appreciation of the historiography of the Karakul race improvement in various areas and countries of the world. It was found that, Karakul sheep are concentrated, harvested and exploited in countries and regions that have vast natural pasture lands, even impoverished (semi-desert and desert from Central Asia, Africa), but expanded with a climate that allows them to be maintained throughout the calendar year to grazing, without costly shelters. In these countries and regions, Karakul sheep are breding not only to meet the urgent needs of the rural population, but also to get income from the sale of skins at international fur auctions. In Germany and Austria, the Karakul sheep were raising both for breeding and crossbreeding with other races, as well as for pure race for breeding material. On the basis of scientific research, was elaborated Karakul sheep origin and the formalistic view of the influence of the environment on the spinning of the fibers and the formation of the loop was combated. Have been identified the most compatible races (Somali) for crossing with Karakul, on the basis of which the idea of creating new Karakul sheep populations in Southwest Africa (Namibia) was created by crosses of transformation of sheep from breeds local. In Namibia, they were created some new entarasias of sheep Karakul with smooth curls, moire and smooth bark with short fibers. The skins of these types have soon conquered the world market of similar fur. In Ukraine, at the Institute for Scientific Research for the Steppe area, between 1935-1970 years was created, by crossing the Karakul with Romanov a new type of prolific Karakul. In Romania, at SCPCO Popauti, Botosani, a new type of Karakul sheep was created by crossing the Turcana sheep with the pure race Karakul rams, creating new lines and new populations with varieties of colors, gray, brown and white. In the former USSR, with the help of researchers from the United States Institute for Scientific Research for Karakulture (Samarkand), through the selection and the increase of sheep pure Karakul sheep were created a large number of sheep intakes such as: Gray of Buhara, Gray of Surhandaria, Gray Karakalpakia, as well as elite, black: Karakum, Mubarek, Nişan, Kenimeh etc; of greyish colour Nurata, Guzar, Cabadian etc; Gray Color: Kazalkum, Navoi, Talimarjan, etc. After the collapse of the USSR, the independent Central Asian countries continued to improve the Karakul sheep race, in which have been created a series of new type of Karakul sheep (15 in number) with specific productivity for skins, including Uzbekistan - 7 types, Kazakhstan - 4 types, Turkmenistan - 2 types, Tajikistan - 1 type, Kalmâkia - 1 type. All new type of Karakul sheep, created in Central Asian countries, South Africa and Europe, have unilateral production - high quality newborn lambs with different types of valuable curls and original colors. Neither one of new types of Karakul sheep produced in these countries (except Romania) has not aproached the issue of improving milk and meat skills as they are not specific to the Karakul race breeding in the home regions
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Analysis of reproductive parameters in Arabian Shagya mares from Rădăuţi studfarm
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Pânzaru, Claudia; Gîlcă, Ioan; Doliş, Marius; Radu-Rusu, Răzvan-Mihail
The study based on 50 Shagya Arabian mares (Mersuch, El-Sbaa, Koheilan, Shagya, Siglavy Bagdady, Dahoman, Hadban and Gazal bloodlines), reared in Rădăuţi studfarm, regarding gestation, foaling-interval and natality, had the purpose to follow the dynamics of these parameters between 2002-2016 years. The extremes of gestation length were found in Dahoman bloodline (300 and 366 days), while the only significant difference (p<0.05) occurred between Shagya and Dahoman bloodlines. The mare gestation lasts between 310-340 days; in the studied population, the average gestation length was found toward the upper limit (339.5 days). Foaling-interval (FI) registered minimal values in Dahoman line (284 days) and maximal ones in El-Sbaa lines (1424 days), whereas no significant differences occurred. FI standard is comprised between 337-338 days, if the mare is mated 8 days post-partum. In the studied population, the average FI was 472.7 days, indicating a intense difference against the species standard, probably due to the reproduction management practices. The natality had the lowest value in Shagya bloodline (54.90%) and the highest one in Mersuch (72.22%). The average natality in mares is 60% while 65.04% was the average calculated for the 50 Shagya Arabian mares. Consequently, we suggest optimizing the horses’ reproductive activity in Rădăuţi studfarm, decreasing thus foaling-interval value and favoring in mating those mares whose gestation duration is closer to the species average value.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Identification of milk composition and proteins polymorphism correlated with cheese quality, to select the best carpatina goats
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Lazăr, Cristina; Pelmus, Rodica; Ghiţă, Elena; Rotar, M.C.
The purpose of this study was to identify the proteins polymorphism in Carpatina goat in order to select the best individuals which exhibit the most increased polymorphism for αs1-caseins. Milk composition was analysed for fat (5.08%) and protein (4.14%). Protein percentage didn’t display high variability and ranged between 4.82% and 3.22%. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed, after electrophoresis, five protein fractions in milk samples: αs1, β, k-CN, and β-LG, and α-LA. Different expressions of the same type of protein fraction were discovered by densitometry analysis for each investigated goat. The casein group, composed by three fractions α s1-, β- and k-casein (17.5%, 48.8%, 10.9%), shows in fact that they are 77.2% of the total milk protein and 22.8% are albumins, similar with other studies for goats. Three levels of expression were recorded for each milk protein in every milk sample: 19.04% of the goats manifested strong expression for α s1-CN and medium and low expression for 57.15% and 23.81% of it. In case of the β-LG, strong expression level was found for 38.09% of the goats and medium and low expression level for 47.62% and 14.09%, respectively. Further investigations will be necessary to confirm the results by PCR-RFLP analysis to identify Carpatina goat caseins polymorphism with the genetic variants for each protein locus. This will allow keeping for reproduction the most suitable animals with strong genetic expression and high content in caseins very well correlated with milk quality and quantity.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Assessment ofabilities for meat production for half-breeds resulting from the crossing of Awassi and Tigaie sheep
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Pascal, Constantin; Nechifor, I.; Cristian, C.; Florea, M.
The purpose of the research was to carry out a real analysis of the capabilities on which meat production depends on two lots consisting of individuals of the Tigaie breed and respectively of the half-breed individuals resulting from the systematic crossing of the local Tigaie sheep with Awassi rams. The importance of research results from the fact that the half-breed population considered is in the seventh generation and is reproductively closed to fix the characters on which milk production depends. Since, in expressing the efficiency of the management system applied in sheep breeding, milk and meat contribute to about 82% of the achieved results, can also be a mark in the development of an improvement program that includes in its objectives also meat production. The biologic material subjected to fattening and subsequently to planned assessments, was made up of the youth of this year, males and females, and the fattening applied was semi intensive and had a total duration of 140 days with the following technological phases: accommodation (10 days), breeding and fattening (90 days) and finishing (40 days). The statistical data processing revealed that the difference between the two lots was insignificant for the carcass weight, significant for p≤0.05 for live weight and distinctly significant for p≥0.01 for the average yields at slaughter. When assessing the quality of the carcases, it was found that at the group formed from fattened youth belonging to the new sheep population (AWxTi) at a higher proportion were satisfied the requirements for the R class, while 60.66% of the Tigaie lambs expressed the requirements for the same class and only about 20% fulfilled the requirements for the U class. Based on the data obtained, it can be stated that in order to fix the final morphological type of the new sheep population it is necessary to include among the breeding selection objectives the characters on which meat production depends.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Research on qualitative and quantitative determination of aquatic macrophytes emerge from a fresh water basin within the research station of aquaculture and aquatic ecology Iasi
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Gîlcă, Valerica; Gîlcă, Ioan; Simeanu, Daniel; Simeanu, Cristina; Radu-Rusu, Răzvan-Mihail; Leonte, Doina; Leonte, C.; Ignat, Elena
The researches took place between 1 June and 15 July 2017 and consisted in the identification and quantitative and qualitative determination of the aquatic vegetation emerge from a freshwater basin within Research Station of Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecology, Iaşi. The emerging aquatic macrophites were diagnosed with the specific determinant of the respective area and vegetation, analyzing the strain, leaves, inflorescence and whole plant. The identified plants were harvested and grouped on associations to be systematically enumerated, then their biomass was determined. Quantitative determination of water emerge vegetation was done on a 600 square meter (sqm). That area was divided into plots of 1 sqm, and the plants on each plot were grouped and weighed. The amount of biomass for each taxon per square meter and the entire harvesting area was then determined. With regard to the identification of emerging aquatic vegetation, 29 taxons belonging to 12 families of emerging aquatic macrophytes were determined. Total plant biomass on the surface of 600 sqm was 23.120 Kg. Regarding the biomass of the emerging aquatic plants, it was found that the largest spread was Phragmites communis with 8.0 kg / sqm, followed by Typha latifolia with 5.8 kg / sqm., Typha angustifolia 4,5 kg / sqm. and Typha minima with 3.0 Kg / sqm. From the Cyperaceae family, Scirpus lacustris with 4.6 Kg / sqm was determined, and the lowest amount was the species Carex vulpina, which is usually found in the form of clusters on the edge of the fish ponds.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Study of productive and reproductive features of the romanian black spotted cattle in the semi-subsistence farms from Botosani county
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Gîlcă, Ioan; Gîlcă, Valerica; Radu-Rusu, Răzvan-Mihail; Cristina Simeanu1; Simeanu, Daniel; Gîngă, C.; Mihalache, Roxana; Avram, P.; Ignat, Elena
The study was carried out on 120 cattle of Romanian Black Spotted breed, raised in semi subsistence farms in Botosani county, and the main indices of production and breeding were analyzed. Thus, was pursued quantitative and qualitative milk production in first lactation, body development in second lactation, respectively the age at first calving (VP), dry period (RM), calving interval (CI), service period (SP) and their evolution in the successive lactations (from I to VI).
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
By-products, bioproteins and animal feed
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2018) Ahmadi, Mirela; Ștef, Lavinia; Peț, I.; Morariu, Florica; Tulcan, Camelia; Milovanov, Cornelia; Boldura, Oana-Maria; Dronca, D.; Ivancia, Mihaela
By-products from food industry are very good sources of amino acids, peptides and proteins with high biological value. Transforming these by-products into nutritional supplements, in protein, peptide or amino acid sources would have beneficial effects both for the large quantities of whey from industry and for the food, feed and pharmaceutical industries. Such a protein-valuable by product is the whey resulting from the cheese processing industry. Due to the high amount of whey this product it is considered "environmental pollutant", due to the high demand for oxygen for biodegradation (BOD – biochemical oxygen demand; COD – chemical oxygen demand). Thus, whey can be used directly in obtaining whey concentrates, protein isolates, whey powder; or indirectly in the production of feed, bioproteins, probiotics, lactose. Whey can be concentrated through several technological processes to produce products with different nutritional characteristics, being a good source of protein for the production of protein-supplemented feed or it can even be ingredient for the food industry. Bioproteins or cell biomass are unconventional sources of protein with much higher yields than the proteins produced by the bovine organism (which is considered a standard), but they are little used, especially in our country, and due to limitation of food and feed sources this has to be highlighted and took more in consideration.

Browse

Recent Submissions