2026

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/6034

Browse

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Addisonian Crisis Mimicking Acute Kidney Injury in Dogs: A Retrospective Study of 34 Dogs Diagnosed with Acute Kidney Injury in Romania
(MDPI, 2026-01-14) Roșca, Ștefania; Solcan, Gheorghe; Moroz, Mihail; Ștefănescu, Raluca-Adriana; Levința, Alina; Pașca, Paula-Maria
Primary hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s disease) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening endocrine disorder in dogs. Affected animals may present with clinicopathological features mimicking acute kidney injury (AKI). The challenge in diagnosing hypoadrenocorticism arises from its highly heterogeneous and non-specific clinical presentation, including acute kidney injury (AKI). This retrospective observational study aimed to evaluate dogs presenting with AKI and to identify cases in which primary hypoadrenocorticism was the underlying etiology. Thirty-four dogs diagnosed with acute kidney injury were evaluated at the Clinical Hospital for Companion Animals of the “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences, Iași, Romania, among which three (8.8%) were endocrinologically confirmed to have primary hypoadrenocorticism. The evaluation protocol included a complete clinical examination, hematological, biochemical, and hormonal investigations, urinalysis, abdominal ultrasonography, and an ACTH stimulation test. These dogs exhibited hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, a reduced sodium-to-potassium ratio, and azotemia at admission, closely resembling intrinsic AKI. Following fluid therapy and hormone replacement, rapid normalization of electrolyte and renal parameters was observed. These findings support hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalance as the primary mechanisms underlying reversible prerenal azotemia in these cases. If not diagnosed early, this condition has a significant risk of progressing to acute tubular necrosis. The findings highlight the need for careful differentiation between primary AKI and renal dysfunction secondary to Addison’s disease, as well as the importance of promptly initiating hormone replacement therapy. In conclusion, hypoadrenocorticism should be considered in dogs presenting with AKI and electrolyte imbalance. Early endocrine evaluation and prompt initiation of targeted therapy are essential to avoiding misdiagnosis and optimizing clinical outcomes.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Fungal Contamination of Dairy Feed and Major Mycotoxin Transfer: A Risk Evaluation for Animal Exposure and Health
(MDPI, 2026-01-13) Poroșnicu, Ioana; Ailincăi, Luminița-Iuliana; Davidescu, Mădălina-Alexandra; Mareș, Mihai
This study was focused on the assessment of fungal occurrence, mycotoxin dynamics, aflatoxin carry-over, and associated biochemical responses in dairy cattle. Moisture emerged as the dominant factor for fungal communities, promoting the co-proliferation of fungal genera adapted to high water activity conditions (aw > 0.90) and antagonism against xerotolerant and xerophilic species. Aspergillus spp. dominated dry substrates (aw < 0.75), Fusarium spp. showed strong positive associations with high-moisture matrices (aw > 0.90), and Penicillium spp. exhibited intermediate, substrate-dependent behavior. Mycotoxin levels fluctuated non-linearly, independently of fungal counts: ochratoxin A (OTA) concentrations in corn silage increased from approximately 12 μg/kg at the onset of the ensiling period to >240 μg/kg at silo opening, indicating dynamic mycotoxin accumulation during storage, while zearalenone (ZEA) oscillated from 40 to 170 µg/kg. Despite the variation in total aflatoxins (AFLA-T) across feed matrices, aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk remained low (0.0020–0.0093 μg/kg), confirming limited carry-over. Serum biochemical parameters—alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (BIL-T), total protein (PROT-T)—remained within physiological limits, yet multivariate analyses revealed metabolic modulation linked to aflatoxin exposure. AFM1 explained >7% of the variance in serum biochemical profiles according to PERMANOVA (p = 0.002), showed significant MANOVA effect (Pillai = 0.198), and displayed a significant canonical association (p < 10−13). Linear discriminant analysis further separated Normal vs. Borderline hepatic profiles, indicating subclinical physiological adaptation to chronic low-dose exposure.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Update on direct embryo transfer in sheep: hatched blastocysts increase conception rates
(Frontiers Media, 2026-02-03) Ciornei, Ștefan-Gregore
This article presents an overview of the update on direct embryo transfer using hatched blastocysts. Recent research has observed differences in conception rates in sheep following surgical transfer. All sessions included in the study followed the same standard protocol, resulting in the creation of two groups, with the control group (CG) being the one in which blastocysts were transferred, and the experimental group (EG) received hatched blastocysts. Embryos were obtained from meat sheep through in vivo derived (IVD) and transferred to crossbred sheep synchronized with very obvious corpus luteum (CL) on at least one of the ovaries (84.21%). Thus, a retrospective study highlights the clear success of embryo recipients who also received hatched blastocysts (code 9.1) compared to recipients with blastocysts only (code 6.1, 7.1). The embryo recovery rate at 6.5 days, determined by laparoscopic uterine flushing, was 84.3%. In terms of the quality of the embryos obtained, over 74.5% were transferable (not statistically significant, 76.6% in Suffolk and 72.3% in Ille de France), and over 12% of the embryos hatched. The study found that the pregnancy rate in recipient ewes receiving code 9.1 embryos (expanded blastocysts) through direct IVD transfer during the breeding season was 86.9%. These findings, when compared to previous research, highlight the potential for further exploration and innovation in this area. Nonetheless, it is important to note that there is a scarcity of literature addressing the direct transfer of IVD embryos with expanded blastocysts.

Browse

Recent Submissions