2019

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.iuls.ro/handle/20.500.12811/207

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 24

listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Aspects on the constructive and internal organization solutions for the transformation of a pig growing house in beef cattle growing house
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Leonte, C.; Leonte, Doina
The present work highlights some aspects regarding the possibilities of transforming some shelters from pig farms, built before 1990, into spaces for the exploitation of beef cattle. Cattle capitalize on agricultural by-products and waste (straws, cheeses, chickens, chickpeas, beets and beet noodles, pork in the processing industry, bran, mackerel) which they transform into essential foods for human food. Cattle provide the raw material needed for the milk and meat industry. Meat and delivered products are important sources of energy, proteins, minerals, vitamins, essential amino acids, necessary for the proper functioning of human physiological mechanisms and for maintaining health. The hall for raising pigs has a structure of reinforced concrete, the foundations are glass type, with pillars embedded in these foundations, supporting at the top end beams of the roof. In the first compartmentalization version (V1), 16 cows / storage can be accommodated ensuring a total area of 162 m² and 10.12 m² / cow. In total, the 9 compartments can accommodate 144 cows. For the calves there are 25 compartments with a total area of 337.5 m² and 2.25 m² / calf. There are also two compartments for calving on the ends of the shelter with 13.5 m² / compartment. This variant provides an external feed lane for cows with a width of 3.5 m and an inner feed lane for calves with a width of 3 m. In the second compartmentalization version, 108 cows can be accommodated, ensuring a total area of 1150.2 m² and 10.65 m² / cow. The calves can be accommodated in the 18 storage boxes resulting from the compartmentation with a total area of 575.1 m², resulting in 5.32 m² / calf. The forage in this variant can be made from a central alley with a width of 3.8 m.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Researches concerning the comparison of milk yield between cattle of Bruna of Maramures and Braunvieh breeds imported from Austria
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Gîlcă, Ioan; Gîlcă, Valerica; Radu-Rusu, Răzvan-Mihail; Gîngă, C.; Avram, P.; Mihalache, Roxana; Zus, T.; Ignat, Elena
The main aim of this study was to compare the milk performance realized by cattle of Braunvieh breed imported from Austria and the indigenous breed Bruna of Maramures. The analysis was performed into a farm at the first and second lactations. The imported dairy cattle (Braunvieh breed) were compared with contemporaries indigenous breed (Bruna of Maramures) calved in the same period. Both breeds were kept in the same conditions and with the same feeding. The first lactation records were analyzed according to the following linear model: Yij =µ + Hi + Cj + eij. The second lactation records were analyzed according to the following linear model: Yijk =µ + Hi + Cj + Jk + eijk. The difference in milk production between Braunvieh and Bruna of Maramures breeds, at first and second lactations, were not statistically significant. The Braunvieh breed cattle achieved higher fat, protein and lactose percentage at the first lactation (4.25% and 3.94%, 3.42% and 3.20%, respectively 4.67% and 4.49%) and at the second lactation (4.29% and 4.02%, 3.42% and 3.21%, respectively 4.59% and 4.43%). These differences were statistically highly significant (P<0.01).
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Determining current stage of color uniformity improvement for skins obtained from Karakul of Botoşani breed
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Nechifor, I.; Pascal, Constantin; Florea, Al.M.; Albață, A.; Crâsmaru, A.; Brânzei, M.; Onciu, Oana
The purpose of the researches was to carry out a complex study in order to evaluate the current stage of improvement for the type of color and uniformity in the main color varieties formed within the Karakul of Botoșani breed. The biological material subjected to the assessments was represented by the pure-bred Karakul de Botoșani lambs belonging to all the varieties of color obtained over the course of three successive generations, originating from breeding seasons that took place in 2013, 2014 and 2015. The method applied in the assessment of the objectives was based on the technical norms specified in Section 1.4 and 1.5 of the MADR Order no. 22 / 20.01.2006, published in the Official Gazette of Romania no. 146 of 15.02.2006 and specifying the aspects based on which the official production control of pelts is carried out. The data obtained as a result of the genetic progress evaluation obtained on each generation show that the proportion of lambs in which the desired type of color was found, that is to say, a black one, uniform and with nuances of blue, is increasing, thus confirming that among the generations of lambs appreciated in the three seasons the applied improvement process is efficient. However, if we compare these values with those obtained in season 2005, we find that in the 2013 generation, the proportion of lambs presenting a color close to the desired type was less than 1.17%. However, by judiciously matching the breeders, in 2014 and 2015, it shoes an increase of 0.27% and 0.55% of the lambs, which expressed a very good degree of the intensity of the color and the desired nuances.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Research regarding the influence of technological factors on the body development of the Karakul de Botosani lambs
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Florea, Al.M.; Pascal, Constantin; Nechifor, I.; Albață, A.; Crâsmaru, A.; Brânzei, M.; Onciu, Oana
In order to determine the effect of conducting the process of body growth and development on the Karakul of Botoșani breed lambs, two lots were organized, in which the experimental treatment was represented by the fact that only one lot benefited from improved feeding and maintenance conditions, the other lot being maintained throughout the lactation period together with the mother sheep. The statistical processing of data obtained from the weightings performed in the lots that have benefited from different experimental treatments during nursing period shows a more intense rate of body mass accumulations in the lot that benefited from a directed growth realized in a separate space in which they received additional food resources. At the age of 60 days in the group that benefited from an improvement of the comfort conditions but also from an additional feed, the average body weight was 18.970 ± 0.106 kg while in the group of females kept in common compartments with the mother sheep this parameter was smaller, namely 15.710 ± 0.160 kg. The difference in body mass between the average values determined for the two groups based on the live weight determined at the age of 60 days was 3.26 kg and had a high statistical significance level for P <0.05. At the time of weaning, near the age of 90 days, the same aspect is observed, meaning that the weight had higher average values also in the lambs who benefited from an improvement of the maintenance technology, the difference between lots being +2.44 kg and was significant for P <0.05. All the data obtained as well as the statistical significance of the differences between lots confirms that the extension of this practice can have favorable effects on the degree of body development, the increase of precocity and on the significant improvement of the main indices of reproduction.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Study of the quality of pelt at lambs of Moldovan Karakul type
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Evtodienco, Silvia; Maşner, O.
The main indexes after which are appreciated the pelts obtained from the lambs of the karakul breed are: ranking, type of loop, silk and gloss. The testing of the pelt qualities was carried out at the breed farm of TES "Maximovca" during the years 2015-2018 depending on the color of the lambs - black, grey and sur. It was determined that the share of ewe lambs constituted 31.1% in the reference period, the I- st class was 59.3%, and the II-nd and rebut, respectively, 8.8 and 0.8%. These lambs have the desired loop types such as 38.4% flat type, 33.3% jacket type, 24.2% costal type. The evaluation of silk has shown that it is veridical greater at grey lambs compared to black lambs and is 7.84 ± 0.13 points (P> 0.001). Likewise, lambs of the sur color veridical exceed the black ones, making 7.64 ± 0.07 points (P> 0.001). Black lambs gained 6.99 ± 0.13 points. The gloss of the furring cover at grey lambs veridical exceeds the gloss of black and sur lambs constituing of 7.78 ± 0.14 points (P> 0.001), and those sur and black respectively 7.3 ± 0.11 and 7.2 ± 0.13 points.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Meat bone meal originated from fast-food restaurant waste to improve broiler chicken growth performance
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Supratman, Hery; Yulianti, An-An; Ismiraj, M. Rifqi; Mayasari, Novi
This study aimed to explore the potential of meat and bone meal originated from fast-food restaurant waste (FFM) to the broiler chicken growth performance. We verified that fast-food restaurant waste consists of high protein content (approximately 63.36%) that having a high potential to plays a role as protein source in broiler chicken ration. This study was conducted by completely randomized design (CRD), involved a total of 100 birds in which each 20 birds randomly allocated to 1 of 5 treatments, namely: 0% FFM, 5% FFM, 10% FFM, 15% FFM, and 20% FFM that supplemented to chicken ration. The observed variables were the growth performance parameters, namely feed intake (FI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The results showed that there were increases of FI, ADG, and FCR in FFM supplemented ration, although the increases were not significantly different compared to control. In conclusion, the FFM supplementation up to 20% was neither harming nor giving adverse effects to the chicken performance
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Research regarding udder conformation on new dairy sheep population formed by crossing Ţigaie ewe with Awassi rams
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Popescu, E.C.; Cernei, Diana-Popescu
Breeders have big problem with the absence of human resources from the sheep raising area, for that reason are more interested by machine milking in dairy sheep and implicitly for udder conformation and machine milk ability. The aim of this research is udder characterisation of Awassi Ro population formed in Romania by crossing of Tigaie ewe with Awassi rams. For udder conformation was evaluated ewe in the second day after lambs weaning for following traits: teat placement, teats angle in vertical plane, degree of udder suspension and udder depth using Nine point linear scale for udder traits. The results show a good placement for teats in horizontally plane. With number of lactation increasing increase the number of asymmetric udders and pendulous udder cases. The marks for udder depth were between 4 and 8 points. The ewe with more than three lactations had before 6 points for udder depth.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The chemical composition of meat obtained from Kabir poultry
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Jitariuc Sava, Ştefania-Elida; Radu-Rusu, Răzvan-Mihail; Usturoi, Alexandru; Raţu, Roxana-Nicoleta; Roşca, D.C.; Usturoi, Marius-Giorgi
The current consumer market requires poultry meat from other breeding systems than industrial ones, but also from other hybrids than the fast growing ones. The chemical analyzes related to this study were performed on samples taken from the pectoral, pulp and wing muscles, respectively, obtained from birds of both Kabir breeds, slaughtered at the age of 50 days. Meat harvested from the female breast area contained 0.1% more dry matter (24.03 vs. 23.93 g / 100 g) and 0.17% more lipids (1.03 vs. 0, 86 g / 100g) and that of males with 0.03% more protein (22.02 vs. 21.99 g / 100 g). For the musculature of the wings, in the females there were registered higher levels by 0.12% for the dry matter. (26.58 vs. 26.46 g / 100 g) and 0.19% for lipids (3.69 vs. 3.50 g / 100 g), but less than 0.05% for proteins (21, 89 vs. 21.94 g / 100 g). In the case of the whole leg, the samples taken from females had higher contents both in the dry matter (25.76 vs. 25.51 g / 100 g), as well as in proteins (20.16 vs. 20.11 g / 100 g) and lipids (4.45 vs. 4.28 g / 100 g). The final conclusion of the research was that the Kabir birds produce high quality meat from a chemical composition point of view.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Research regarding the fecundity of White Turcana sheep
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Nacu, Gherasim; Pascal, Constantin; Donosă, Raluca; Ivancia, Mihaela; Doliş, Marius; Hoha, Gabriel; Simeanu, Daniel
Fecundity is an index by which the reproductive activity may be assessed to all species. In this research was analysed the dynamic of the sheep entering into heat during the breeding season (August 15 - October 25) and was calculated the fecundity in relation to the rearing period, the sheep age, the rams age. The research was done on 1200 White Turcana sheep breed raised in the pedoclimatic conditions of Neamţ county in two different farms with 800 and 400 sheep, respectively. The sheep entering in heat was noticed in a larger percentage after two weeks since the rams were introduced into the flock so, the biostimulatory effect of the males being obvious. This percentage overlapped with a decreasing of the average daily temperature with 2ºC. The best fertility was obtained to the ewes which were mounted in the first month of the breeding season (91.62%). For both farms, the periods with the most mounts, also represented the periods with good fertility. Depending on the ram used for mounting, the fecundity ranged from 80.0% to 100%, and depending on their age, between 87.2% (for 5 year old rams) and 91.6% (for 3 and 4 year old rams). The fecundity of adult ewes was equal to that of the young ones.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Study regarding the morphology of reproduction population of Pure Arabian breed from Mangalia studfarm
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Doliş, Marius; Pânzaru, Claudia; Simeanu, Daniel; Raţu, Roxana; Şonea, C.G.
Pure Arabian horse breed is one of the oldest breed found in the world, spread all over the Earth to contribute to creating and improving most of current horse breeds. It is considered a horse with a lively and obedient temperament, with special characters for gallop racing, endurance competitions and also for show events. In Romania, Pure Arabian horse breeding is currently obtaining good results in Mangalia studfarm, opened in 1928. Here we can find valuable individuals from CYGAJ, EL IMAN, GAZAL, HADBAN, IBN GALAL, MERSUCH, NEDJARY and SIGLAVY BAGDADY genetic bloodlines. The paper represents a morphological study, based on 92 adult horses, selected for reproduction at specific ranking activity in 2018 (9 sires, 27 public mount stallions and 56 mares). The study was based on the main 3 body dimensions checked also in current criteria evaluation paper: height(154.77± 0.19 cm), thorax perimeter (182.35±0.58 cm) and cannon girth(18.98±0.06 cm), used for obtaining specific body indexes as dactilo-thorax index (10.41±0.03%), bone index (12.27±0.05%) and massiveness index (117.83±0.37%). The results prove that from this perspective, Pure Arabian breed standard is maintained in Mangalia studfarm.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The influence of conditions of pre-incubation of eggs on the final results of the incubation process
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Usturoi, Marius-Giorgi; Radu-Rusu, Răzvan-Mihail; Raţu, Roxana-Nicoleta; Usturoi, Alexandru
Preparation of eggs for incubation (pre-incubation) is the operation that gradually moves from storage temperatures to those specific to normal embryonic development, in order to improve the final results of the incubation process and the quality of the chicks obtained. Four batches of eggs (600 eggs/batch) were subjected to artificial incubation, differentiated by temperature, relative humidity and the duration of pre-incubation (batch Lc =+26….+28°C, 60-65%, 12 hours; Lexp-1=+28….+30°C, 65-70%, 10 hours; Lexp-2=+30….+32°C, 70-75%, 8 hours; Lexp-3 = +32….+34°C, 75-80%, 6 hours). The ratio of clear eggs was 4.33-4.67%, resulting in a fertility rate of 95.33-95.67%. The conditions of pre-incubation of the eggs set their mark on the embryonic mortality rate (4.00 7.33%) and of the technological losses (2.67-4.00%), indicators that generated different levels of hatching (88,67% at Lexp-2; 87.33% at Lexp-1; 86.33 at Lexp-2; 84.0 at Lc) and hatchability (93.01% at Lexp-2; 91.29% at Lexp-2 1; 90.56 to Lexp-2; 88.11 to Lc). The conclusion of the study was that the pre-incubation of the eggs for 8 hours at temperatures of +30...+32°C and relative humidity of 70-75%, allows to improve the hatching capacity of the eggs obtained from the parents of the Ross-308 hen hybrid.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Nutrigenomics, a new direction for dairy cows: a review
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Mădescu, Bianca-Maria; Matei, A.C.; Ruginosu, Elena; Davidescu, Mădălina-Alexandra; Vintilă, V.; Amarandei, M.; Creangă, Şteofil
A fairly fresh area of studies is nutrigenomics in dairy cows. It is described as the research of nutritional genome-wide factors that alter gene expression. The capacity of nutrients to communicate with genes and modulate molecular processes that impact physiological functions is well recognized nowadays. This has resulted in increasing interest among researchers in exploring nutrition at a molecular level and developing two fields of study: nutrigenomics (evaluates the influence of nutrients on gene expression) and nutrigenetics (evaluates the heterogeneous individual nutrient response due to genetic variation). Due to their biologically significant positions during early postnatal life, fatty acids are one of the nutrients most studied. Fatty acids modulate transcription factors engaged in lipid metabolism regulation. The use of various sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids, starch concentrations, forage ratios and vitamins stands out among the options for dietary manipulation with the aim of modulating lipogenesis. Retinoic acid activates both receptors of retinoic acid (RAR) and receptors of retinoid X (RXR), causing epigenetic modifications in important adipogenesis regulatory genes. We are at the frontier of the nutrigenomics era in ruminants and original information firmly suggest that this science branch can play a critical part in future actions to feed better dairy cattle.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Effect of a natural oil blend on intestinal microflora population in layers diet
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Stanel, I.M.; Panaite, Tatiana-Dumitra; Vlaicu, P.Al.; Tabuc, Cristina; Soica, Cristina
The feeding trial was conducted for 4 weeks on 48 Lohmann Brown layers (55 weeks) in order to evaluate the effect of a natural oil blend (OB) on intestinal microflora population. The trial was conducted in experimental halls with controlled microclimate (average temperature/total period 22.41±0.98°C; humidity 66.35±5.68%; ventilation/chick 0.50±0.24%; CO2 level 686.39±104.38 ppm) and 16h/day light regimen. The layers assigned to 2 groups (24 hens/group, 4 hens/cage) received a conventional diet with the same basal formulation (16.80% crude protein; 2760 kcal metabolizable energy). The new formulations diet for the experimental (OB) group differed from the conventional diet C, by replacing the vegetal oil with a OB (0.50%). The compose of the OB was 20% buckthorn oil, 20% sesame oil, 20% rosehip oil, 20% grape oil and 20% walnut oil. At the end of the trial, 6 layers/group were slaughtered and samples of caecal and intestinal contents were collected for bacteriological examination. The colony forming units (CFU) of Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus spp. in the caecum content in OB group was significantly (P≤0.05) decreased (10.02 and 8.33 CFU) compared with C group (10.09 and 9.12 CFU). Same trend was observed in the intestinal content, Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus spp. decreased significantly (P≤0.05) in OB group (5.39 CFU Escherichia Coli and 5.24 CFU Staphylococcus spp.) compared with C group (5.41 and 5.25CFU). Lactobacillus spp. the favourable bacteria in the caecum and intestine content, was increased significantly (P≤0.05) in OB group (10.96 and 6.17 CFU) compared with that in C group (10.53 and 6.09 CFU). Salmonella was absent in all cases.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Preservation of egg quality using grape pomace cakes as a natural antioxidant in the diets of laying hens enriched in omega 3 fatty acids
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Olteanu, Margareta; Criste, Rodica-Diana; Panaite, Tatiana-Dumitra; Ropota, Mariana; Vlaicu, P.Al.; Turcu, Raluca-Paula; Soica, Cristina; Visinescu, Petruta
For the antioxidant effect evaluation of a winery by-product - the grape pomace cakes, a 4-week trial was conducted on 180 Lohmann Brown laying hens, aged 52 weeks. The layers were assigned to three groups: a control group (C) and two experimental groups (E1 and E2), with 60 hens/ group, housed in standard Zucami type cages (2 hens/cage). Compared to the control formulation, the experimental formulation included 5% flax meal, enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids and as antioxidants 100 mg vitamin E/kg feed (E1); 2% grape pomace cakes (E2). Forty eggs/group were randomly collected in the end of the trial, 10 eggs/group being stored at +20°C and 10 eggs/group at +4°C, for 14 and 28 days in order to determine their fatty acids content and the quality preservation over time. After 14 days, eggs stored at +4°C has significantly (P <0.05) higher values of the Haugh unit, compared to those from 28 days, with comparable values for both experimental groups and control group. In contrast, the eggs stored at room temperature (+20°C), has lower values of the Haugh unit in both storage periods (14 and 28 days), compared to those stored at +4°C, without significant differences between groups (P>0.05), although experimental groups included flax meal. The results regarding the freshness of the eggs stored in the fridge (+4°C) for 14 days showed a 20% AA eggs in E2 group, while in the other groups were no AA eggs. Only group E2 had 10% eggs, stored at +20°C for 14 days, with grade A freshness, compared to 0% for groups C and E1. The grape pomace cakes had comparable effects with vitamin E on the preservation of egg quality over time, thus it can be affirmed that the grape pomace cake diet is effective in maintaining the quality of eggs enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids over time.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
The potential of white lupin seeds (Lupinus albus L.) from low-alkaloid varieties, as a protein alternative source, in the diets of laying hens
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Criste, F.L.; Mierliță, D.; Pop, Mircea-Ioan; Teușdea, A.
This study assesses the effects of using lupine seeds from low-alkaloid varieties, as alternative protein source for laying hens feeding related the bioproduction performances and egg quality. A total number of 160 Tetra-SL LL commercial layers of 30 weeks of age were distributed in a randomized complete block design, of 4 treatments and 5 replicates of 8 layers per replica (n = 40 layers/treatment). Treatments consisted of 4 input levels (0, 15, 20 and 25% -% of the combined fodder composition) of white lupine seeds (cv. Amiga) for laying hens feeding. The results achieved suggest that white lupine modern varieties seeds can be included into laying hens’ diet in a ratio up to 20% of the combined fodder composition, as an efficient substitute for soybean meal proteins, without affecting the egg intensity and the quality of the eggs, the feed intake, feeding efficiency, it can decrease feed costs related to egg yield up to 4.2%. The input of lupine in laying hens feeding in a ratio up to 25% significantly reduces laying intensity, egg weight, egg shell mineral thickness and weight, and increases feed conversion ratio.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from rabbit meat bekasam on gram positive and negative bacteria
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Wulandari, Eka; Yurmiati, Husmy; Subroto, Toto; Suradi, Kusmajadi
Bekasam is a traditional fermentation product made from rabbit meat that is an adaptation of fish fermentation which are often consume in several regions in Indonesia. The fermentation process is spontaneous and the bacteria growing are dominated by Lactid Acid Bacteria. The aim of this study was to study the antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from rabbit meat bekasam against gram-positive pathogenic bacteria (Staphilococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes) and gram-negative (Salmonella thypimurium, Eschericia coli). Eleven isolates of LAB were isolated from rabbit meat bekasam and the antimicrobial activity was measured during fermentation. The results showed that the highest inhibition of antibacterial activity was obtained from isolate 6.1 which the clear zone were 16.4 mm for S. Aureus, 12.5mm for L. monocytogenes, 15.2 mm for S. thypimurium and 13.1mm for E. coli.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Drawing up a tool (checklist) to evaluate potential hazards in compound feed producing
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Lăpuşneanu, Dragoş-Mihai; Pop, Mircea-Ioan
Potential hazard is a biological, physical or chemical agent, present in animal feed or food, with the potential to cause a negative effect on human and animal health. The aim of the paper is to create a synoptic observation sheet, in the form of a checklist, in which we present the three potential hazard categories (physical, chemical and biological) associated with the production of compound feeds and the raw materials used in their production. Methodologically, the information obtained following the study of the Community and national legislative norms in the field of food and feed safety was processed, analyzed and synthesized. The obtained results are transposed into a synoptic observation sheet in the form of a checklist. The checklist has applicability in the units producing compound feeds and allows an overview on the three categories of potential hazards being structured on two general sections: the first section presents the aspects identified in the legislation, and the second section the aspects to be followed during the visits made in the compound feed production units. Community and national legislation regulated the maximum permitted levels of undesirable substances for the compound feed intended for different species of animals, but also for the raw materials used in their production. As a result of the study carried out, the checklist created allows to follow the aspects required by the legislation and the aspects identified in the compound feed units, facilitating the opportunity of preventive and corrective interventions.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Incidence of repeat breeding syndrome in Holstein friesian cattle
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Crivei, Ioana-Cristina; Ruginosu, Elena; Sănduleanu, Cătălina; Borș, S.I.; Bugeac, T.; Dascălu, L.D.; Creangă, Şteofil
Repeat breeding syndrome could be described as a cow's failure to conceive after three or more than three inseminations in the absence of any clinically relevant abnormality. In order to determine the incidence of repeat breeding, a retrospective study which included data from 682 Holstein Friesian cows within two dairy herds across Belgium were collected during two consecutive years. Thus, the repeat breeding overall incidence in dairy cattle was 18.1% (124 cows). The highest incidence of repeat breeding syndrome was recorded during spring season (5.6%, n=38) the lowest incidence being during winter season (2.9%, n=20). Regarding postpartum disorders, our study revealed that in cows with endometritis, metritis, milk fever and retained fetal membranes, the incidence of repeat breeding was higher than in cows that became pregnant within first three artificial inseminations (were considered to have normal fertility). According to parity number, the highest incidence of repeat breeding syndrome was recorded during 1st (3.9% n = 27) and 5th (4.1%, n = 28) parities, the lowest incidence being recorded during 6th (1.9%, n = 13) and 7th (0.29%, n = 2). Also, in cows with repeat breeding, the reproductive indices were negatively modified, triggering thus a poor reproductive performance. In conclusion, our results show that repeat breeding syndrome involves a various number of factors, such as postpartum disorders as well as extrinsic factors.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Effect of zinc intake during transition period on zinc and calcium in milk of subclinical hypocalcemia dairy cows
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Mayasari, Novi; Nurjanah, Laela Tien; Setyowati, Endang Yuni; Salman, Lia Budimulyati
In early lactation, high producing cows frequently suffer from negative energy balance and mineral imbalances. Negative energy balance is associated with immune suppression and some diseases like a hypocalcemia. Zinc (Zn) is known as immune stimulator, able to increase immune response to diseases. The objective of this study was to study the effect of supplemental Zn intake in dairy cows at 4 weeks prior to calving (dry period) on Zn and calcium (Ca) content in milk and subclinical hypocalcemia. Twenty-two dairy cows (Holstein Friesian) were randomly allocated to either a dry cow ration with or without Zn supplementation (40 ppm Zn in the diet). The cows received a roughage mixture ad libitum and concentrates were fed individually. Post-partum, cows were milked twice daily and throughout the experiment animal health was monitored daily. Blood and milk samples were taken at week 1 after calving. Data were statistically analyzed with SAS. A cow was considered a case of subclinical hypocalcemia when blood calcium lowered below 8.0 mg/100 ml. The results showed the percentage incidence of clinical and subclinical hypocalcaemia (1.5% vs. 31%). Zn and Ca content in milk were not affected by dietary Zn content in diet. In conclusion, feeding above Zn requirements during 4 weeks before calving does not seem to reduce the incidence of clinical milk fever nor subclinical milk fever. Zn supplementation may improve the immune system but its form and absorption must be considered.
listelement.badge.access-status Open Access ,
Association between plasmatic glucose and urea in dairy cows with subclinical hypocalcemia
(“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iaşi, 2019) Mayasari, Novi; Nurjanah, Laela Tien; Setyowati, Endang Yuni; Arfiana, Andri; Sitanggang, Fajar; Salman, Lia Budimulyati
During transition period, cells epithelial mammary gland differentiates massively in order to support milk production. The major mineral in milk is calcium, excreted in large amounts, while simultaneously maintaining maternal health and physiology (including energy status). The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between plasma glucose and urea in dairy cows with subclinical hypocalcaemia. In total 22 Holstein were used in this study. To analyze the association between glucose and urea, in total 12 Holstein dairy cows with subclinical hypocalcemia (Ca<0.1 mmol/L at d 2) were used in the experiment. Cows were blocked based on calving date and parity. Blood samples were collected approximately on d 7 postpartum for measurement of plasma glucose and urea nitrogen. Disease occurrence was determined based on individual treatment records. Pearson correlations coefficient were used to analyze the correlation between blood metabolites. Subclinical hypocalcemia cows had normal concentration of glucose and urea on d 7. The results shown that the concentration of glucose as indicator for energy status were negatively correlated with plasma urea. No differences were observed between individual of cows in the occurrence of subclinical and clinical hypocalcemia, clinical mastitis, displaced abomasum, dystocia, retained placenta, metritis. These data suggest that early lactation energy status indicated by glucose and urea differs among cows with subclinical hypocalcemia.

Browse

Recent Submissions